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冻融对土壤氮素损失及有效性的影响
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中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业清洁流域团队/农业部农业环境重点实验室,中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业清洁流域团队/农业部农业环境重点实验室,中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业清洁流域团队/农业部农业环境重点实验室,中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业清洁流域团队/农业部农业环境重点实验室,中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业清洁流域团队/农业部农业环境重点实验室,中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业清洁流域团队/农业部农业环境重点实验室

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国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07201-009)


Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on soil nitrogen loss and availability
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Agricultural Clear Watershed Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture,Agricultural Clear Watershed Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture,Agricultural Clear Watershed Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture,Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Science,Agricultural Clear Watershed Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture,Agricultural Clear Watershed Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture,Agricultural Clear Watershed Group, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture

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    摘要:

    土壤冻融交替是寒冷生态系统土壤氮素循环的重要驱动力。已有研究表明冻融交替作用能够促进氮素周转,从而缓解因土壤有效氮素缺乏而引起的植物生长限制。即便如此,冻融环境下土壤有效氮素供应量远高于其利用量,过剩的氮素会通过气态(N2O-N)排放、淋溶和径流等途径损失。论述了季节冻融环境和模拟冻融条件下土壤氮素损失状况;同时分析了影响冻融土壤N2O生产的相关因素、产生途径及冻融期N2O大量排放的机制;针对冻融交替过程中土壤氮素有效性问题,探讨了氮矿化、可溶性有机氮(DON)和微生物量氮(MBN)与氮素损失的关系。评述了土壤冻融研究中存在的不足,认为模型研究、土壤微生物功能、氮素转化中间产物、土壤-植物界面过程是未来值得关注和深入探讨的研究方向。

    Abstract:

    Freeze-thaw cycles are key drivers of soil nitrogen (N) cycling in cold ecosystems. Studies have shown that freeze-thaw cycles can enhance N turnover and alleviate N-limitation of plant growth due to the deficiency of soil-available N. However, loss of N is prevailing as a result of available N oversupply during freeze-thaw period. The extra available N mainly losses occurring through N2O emission, leaching and runoff. Here, we summarized the observational and experimental evidence to assess (1) the impact of freeze-thaw cycles on N loss, (2) the environmental factors and mechanisms influencing N2O emission during the process of freeze-thaw cycles, (3) the relationships between N loss and N availability (N mineralization, dissolved organic N, and microbial biomass N), and (4) the shortcomings in current research. We suggest that the main focus of research in the near future will be related to effects on N loss and availability of freeze-thaw cycles, for use in modeling, soil microbial function, mediators of N transformation, and plant-soil interactions.

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陈哲,杨世琦,张晴雯,周华坤,井新,张爱平,韩瑞芸,杨正礼.冻融对土壤氮素损失及有效性的影响.生态学报,2016,36(4):1083~1094

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