Coordinating the methods of managing herders' desirable stocking rates and ecosystem management can help promote sustainable development in the rangeland areas of northern China by reducing the number of livestock and rehabilitating the grassland degradation. Questionnaires, scenario experiments, and comprehensive analyses were used to explore the perception, theoretical model, and impact factors of herders' desirable stocking rates, the grass-animal balance, and potential eco-management methods. The results showed that the herders and their grass-animal balance decisions behavior were characterized by bounded rationality, and that risk aversion was the most basic feature of herders' decisions behavior. Their decisions behavior were also characterized by the endowment effect, loss aversion, and framing effects. Transportation, access to information, level of education for the head of household, gender, and ethnicity significantly influenced herders' decisions about overstocking. Step-by-step, cooperative, and guided eco-management methods, based on evolutionary game theory, are needed to coordinate desirable stocking rates with ecological stocking rates.