Spatial distributions of trees after selective logging can vary according to the method whereby trees are selectively removed for harvest, because removal of these trees will affect the correlation between unlogged trees and post-logging regenerations. Quantification of these effects on post-logging forest regeneration and spatial relations among trees can facilitate a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying forest ecosystem structure dynamics in managed forests. This, in turn, may enable the development of improved guidelines for sustainable forest management. In the present study, we identified several factors related to maintaining species coexistence in broadleaved Korean pine mixed forests in northeastern China. We evaluated three different selective logging schemes in nine stands and one uncut (control) stand. We examined the stand structure and composition and analyzed the spatial distribution patterns among the dominant tree species. We showed that low-intensity selective logging had a low impact on the structure of a broadleaved Korean pine mixed forest; moderate-intensity selective logging improved regeneration of the dominant tree species; and clear-cutting improved regeneration of the dominant tree species in a broadleaved Korean pine mixed forest, but increased the time taken for the community to return to the start of the successional stage. We further showed that, to promote natural regeneration and maintain a sustainably diverse structure of post-harvest forests, interactions between trees should be considered; moreover, the density of highly competitive species such as Korean pine should be controlled when selective logging schemes are implemented.