Changes of soil fertility under different stands was studied by investigating pH value; organic matter; whole amount of N, P, K; available N, P, K and CEC (cation exchange capacity) in 0-30cm depth of soil. Three main types of soils in guangxi was selected which includes mountain yellow soil, brown calcareous soil and lateritic red soil The results showed that stand type affected soil fertility status. For mountain yellow soil, soil organic matter content under Pine forest and adult birch were 2.55 and 3.16 times to natural forest, while the soil available nutrients of newly planted birch was significantly higher than natural forests. For brown calcareous soil, the organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and CEC under Zenia forest were the highest, and the pH value under loquat forest was significantly lower than the other three kinds of forest. For lateritic red soil, the available nitrogen under 2nd generation of fast-growing eucalyptus forests was significantly lower than natural pine broadleaf forest, but the organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium, available potassium were slightly higher than the natural forest. The comprehensive evaluation showed soil fertility changed with stand type by the following sequence: natural forest > pine > Southwest birch for mountain yellow soil; Zenia forest= bamboo forest > loquat forest≈Leucaena forest for brown calcareous soil; and natural pine broadleaf forest≈ the 2nd generation of fast-growing eucalyptus forests for lateritic red soil.