For sustainable timber production from regional forests, it is important to evaluate the influence of selection cutting on forest structure and function. In the present study, we analyzed changes in species composition, stand structure, and timber production after partial harvest of a broadleaved Korean pine forest on Changbai Mountain. We showed that the species composition and stand structure varied markedly after a high-intensity cut, but were less affected by a low-intensity cut (≤20%). In addition, we determined a clear decrease in stand volume of the forest, but no marked difference between high- and low-intensity cuts. Selection cutting affected the number and quality of commercial trees and caused a marked decrease in the volume of commercial timber. Our results imply that selection cutting has a deleterious influence on sustainable timber production. Thus, timber production without selection cutting of Pinus koraiensis should be considered.