From October 2012 to May 2013, juvenile Siberian Cranes (Grus leucogeranus) were studied by the focal sampling method at Momoge National Nature Reserve in Jilin Province and Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province, China. The results showed that the juvenile Siberian Cranes spent 23.0% of their time budget on feeding in the fall migration, increasing to 82.7% in late winter, but reduced to 61.9% in the following spring at Momoge National Nature Reserve. In comparison, the begging behavior reduced from 58.2% in the fall migration to 1.2% in the following spring migration, and the alert behavior increased from 1.0% to 7.1%. The behaviors of preening and resting in the following spring were significantly more than those in the wintering period, the reason for the difference may come from the different food availability. For environmental factors, wind velocity had a significant impact on resting behavior, while temperature was positively correlated with feeding and alert behaviors. The daily activity rhythm of juvenile Siberian Cranes presented a trough in feeding behavior at 13:00-14:00 in the fall migration and late wintering period; however, this trend was delayed by one hour in the next spring migration period. Throughout the whole observation period, there was no difference in the frequencies of juvenile Siberian Cranes obtaining food from their parents, but differences did occur between the parental contributions in the different periods. This study aimed to elucidate the growth process of juvenile Siberian Cranes and parental contributions to the growth of their offspring through ethological observations.