River ecosystem services imply the natural environmental conditions and their effectiveness formed and sustained by river ecosystem and its ecological processes, on which, human life relies of existence. The large-scale hydropower engineering construction (LHEC) enhanced or enriched the river ecosystem services which brought many benefits to human beings such as flood control, hydropower, improving waterway etc. While, the river ecosystem services were also declined by LHEC. There were many damages such as reservoir sedimentation, reservoir inundation etc. In the consideration of social justice, beneficiaries or the representatives of the beneficiaries (i.e. the ecological compensation subjects) from LHEC should undertake the economic loses of the impaired ones or the representatives of the impaired (i.e. the ecological compensation objects). The sum of the economic losses was the ecological compensation standard (ECS) of LHEC. The ecological footprint (EF) was defined as the biologically productive land and water a population requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb part of the waste generated by fossil and nuclear fuel consumption. The ecological supply footprint (ESF) was defined as the enhanced river ecological services' supply ability caused by the project construction. The enhanced ability was converted to the total biologically productive land/water area. And the ecological demand footprint (EDF) was defined as the weakened river ecological services' supply ability caused by the project construction. The weakened ability was converted to the total biologically productive land/water area. EF was a key ecological environment indicator that had been widely used in sustainability analyses. Thus, EF was applied rarely in the field of ecological compensation. Based on EF, six types of ESF and EDF models, which were about LHEC, were constructed. Then the evaluation models of ECS on LHEC were established. Finally the ECS of Three Gorges Project (TGP) construction was calculated. The results show that: (1) The ESF of the six positive effects (such as Three Gorges Reservoir breeding, improving waterway, hydropower production, environmental value of hydropower, tourism of Three Gorges Dam, and flooding control) on TGP construction were 949.96×10⁴ hm²/a, which was converted to 619.18×10⁸ RMB/a in total. The EDF of the nine negative effects (such as reservoir sedimentation, occupation on river ecosystem, reservoir inundation, construction of resettlement area, impact on the rare and endangered species, impact on water quality in reservoir area and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, greenhouse gas emission of energy consumption, sewage discharge, and greenhouse gas emission of producing main building materials) on TGP construction were188.98×10⁴ hm²/a, which was converted to123.18×10⁸ RMB/a in total. (2) Hydropower product, flood control and environmental benefits of hydropower were the main positive effects of TGP construction, which occupied 95.06% of the total values. The reservoir sedimentation and reservoir inundation were the main negative effects, which occupied 85.56% of the total losses. (3) The ECS of TGP construction was 123.18×10⁸ RMB/a. The hydropower development owner and central-local government were the main ecological compensation subjects and undertook 95.06% of ECS. The river ecosystem and resettlements were the main ecological compensation objects and obtained 91.39% of ECS. Through the comparative analysis, the models were proved successfully in TGP.