缓释单萜类挥发物对落叶松毛虫行为及落叶松主要防御蛋白的影响
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东北林业大学,东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院 哈尔滨 ,东北林业大学林学院,东北林业大学

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国家林业公益性行业科研专项课题(201104069);黑龙江省重点科技攻关项目(GA09B203-5)


Monoterpene volatiles affecting host selection behavior of Dendrolimus superans and the activities of defense protein in larch needles
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Northeast forest university,,,Northeast forest university

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    摘要:

    单萜类植物挥发物能够影响昆虫行为,为了延长其作用时间并初步测定特定单一的单萜类挥发物是否为生物间的信号物质,选取落叶松挥发物α-蒎烯、月桂烯和莰烯,进行缓释处理后施用于兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)苗木并进行生测。将3种挥发物倒入缓释瓶中,挂于2年生落叶松苗木中下部;以用3种挥发物直接喷施落叶松苗为对照。通过室内Y形管嗅觉仪和室外苗木罩笼产卵试验,测定不同处理的落叶松苗对落叶松毛虫(Dendrolimus superans)雌成虫产卵寄主选择行为的影响。测定落叶松针叶内与抗虫相关的几种主要防御蛋白的活力。Y管嗅觉仪测定结果显示,用α-蒎烯和月桂烯喷施及缓释处理的落叶松对雌成虫有显著引诱作用;缓释处理的效果可持续5d;施用莰烯有显著驱避作用,缓释处理的效果可持续4d。室外笼罩试验结果表明,在分别施用α-蒎烯或月桂烯的树苗上,落叶松毛虫雌虫产卵量显著高于对照,缓释处理的效果可持续3d;施用莰烯的树苗上,落叶松毛虫雌虫产卵量显著低于对照,缓释处理的效果可持续3d。表明挥发物装于缓释瓶内与挥发物具有相同的作用效果,并可以有效延长挥发物的作用时间。各处理落叶松针叶内POD、CAT、PAL、PPO、CI和TI的活性均无显著变化,说明这3种单萜类挥发物不是兴安落叶松的预警信号物质,单一施用不能系统诱导增强落叶松的抗虫性,只起到落叶松毛虫行为干扰剂的作用。

    Abstract:

    Plant terpene volatiles of influence insect behaviors with many monoterpenes being highly volatile. In order to control release of such active volatile compounds, and to maintain a certain active duration, three major Larix gmelinii needlerelated volatiles α-pinene、myrcene and camphene were poured into the slow-release bottles. The slow-release bottles of each volatile compound were suspended onto the lower part of 2-year old L. gmelinii seedlings in comparison with those spayed with the corresponding solutions made straight from the volatile compounds. The attraction and oviposition behaviors of Dendrolimus superans female adults and on these volatile treated larch seedlings were studied in an indoor Y-tube olfactometer and an outdoor caging bioassay, respectively, at each day for six days, and the activities of several major defense protein in larch needle were measured. Our results from lab Y-tube bioassay showed that α-pinene and myrcene from the solutions were significantly attractive to D. superans female adults at day one. Seedlings suspended with the slow-release bottles of α-pinene and myrcene also showed significant attraction to D. superans female adults for five days. Camphene from the synthetic solution showed significant repellency at day one, and seedlings suspended with the slow-release bottles also showed significant repellency effect for four days. The outdoor caging bioassays showed that slow-release bottles of α-pinene and myrcene significantly increased female oviposition (number of eggs) whilst the slow-release bottles of camphene significantly reduced the number of eggs laid on treated seedlings. These effects from these slow-release bottles lasted for three days. Our data suggest that slow-release bottles with these highly volatile compounds may provide a feasible control release formulation to extend their effective life-span (duration).The activities of POD, CAT, PAL, PPO, CI and TI were not significantly different. This shows that a single α-pinene, myrcene or limonene does not make activities of several major defense protein in larch needle change, and does not enhance induced resistance of larch.

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林健,刘文波,孟昭军,严善春.缓释单萜类挥发物对落叶松毛虫行为及落叶松主要防御蛋白的影响.生态学报,2014,34(11):2978~2985

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