Cities are complex socio-economic-natural ecosystems dominated by human activities, which define land use patterns. Urban ecological infrastructure is the important foundation of urban sustainable development and also the substantial guarantee of eco-city development. Ecosystem service is the core and key of urban ecological infrastructure construction. Ecosystem services provided by ecological infrastructure in urban areas include air purification, climate regulation, noise reduction, waste treatment, food supply, water flow regulation and runoff mitigation, urban temperature regulation, moderation of environmental extremes, pollination and seed dispersal, recreation and cognitive development, animal sighting and ecosystem disservices. With rapid urbanization, it is of great importance to ensure the structural integrity and functional perfection of the ecological infrastructure. The paper began with brief description about the concept and types of the ecological infrastructure based on ecosystem services; then reviewed the research status of ecological infrastructure from three aspects: 1) urban wetland ecological infrastructure; 2) urban green space ecological infrastructure; 3) ecological engineering and reconstruction of urban impervious surface; The influences of urbanization on urban wetlands and green space were analyzed. The complex ecological effect and its evaluation methods of urban impervious surface, including urban flooding, heat island effect, atmospheric haze, noise, water and soil pollution, habitant loss and biodiversity reduction, and biogeochemical cycle change, were also comprehensively summarized in this paper. At last it reviewed the evaluation methods of structure and function of ecological infrastructure and comprehensively put forward the research emphasis and perspectives of urban ecological infrastructure based on ecosystem services. The current problems of research contents, viewpoint, methods and evaluation indicator system were point out. Finally, the concept and perspective of urban surface ecology was advanced for the first time in this article which can provide methodology for enhancement and regulation of urban ecosystem services. The integrated research of urban ecological infrastructure and surface ecology will provide new resolving ideas and scientific methods for urban significant problems such as hydrologic effect (waterlogging), atmospheric haze effect (PM2.5), heat island effect, water pollution and eutrophication. For future study, six perspectives on ecological infrastructure were put forward in this article as follows: 1) Strengthening the quantitative evaluation of urban ecological infrastructure to provide useful references for urban decision-making and management. 2) Enhancing the study on evaluation model of functions of urban ecological infrastructure. 3) Emphasizing the intersecting and application of different majors and subjects. 4) Paying more attention to the integration and system of urban ecological infrastructure. 5) Synthesizing urban ecological infrastructure and municipal infrastructure as a organic whole at the city level. 6) Reinforcing and deepening the study of urban surface ecology related to urban impervious surface to offer scientific approaches for urban environmental issues, such as urban flooding, atmospheric haze effect (PM2.5), heat island effect, water pollution and eutrophication.