The regulation of population dynamics in rodent, which is closely relevant to strategy-making of pest-controlling, is one of critical issues in ecology. Scholars of domestic and overseas have obtained significant achievements in related field at present. This paper summarized the research progresses of density-dependent on the reproduction of rodents, including sexual organs, sexual maturation, estrus cycle, reproduction index, hormone, and behavior regulation, and also, introduced the research methods and analyzed the prospects of the research area, aimed to provide some useful ideas for the future study.