City is a kind of social-economic-natural complex ecosystem dominated by human activities. With the accelerating of urbanization, the land use is being transformed from natural landscape to impervious surface in urban areas, such as buildings, roads, roof, squares and so on. Urban imperious surface changes the environment factors, hinders energy exchange between air and soil, and influences urban plant growth. In this research we studied the effects of urban imperious surface on habitat of Ginkgo biloba and its ecophysiology response to the imperious surface. We designed two different types of imperious surface in urban areas. One is totally impervious cover (TIC) which is a marble square, and the coefficient of permeability is zero. The other is partially impervious cover (PIC) which is covered by bricks, and the coefficient of permeability is 33%. A turf cover (NC) was chosen as the contrast, and the coefficient of permeability is 88%. The Ginkgo bilobas growing on the three kinds of land covers were planted in the same time and received the same maintenance. Soil temperature (Ts) and water content of soil (WCS) were measured by ECH₂O. Gas exchange characteristics such as photosynthesis (Pn), transpiration (Tr), stomata conductance (Gs), saturation vapor pressure deficit of leaf (VPDL) were measured by Portable photosynthesis measuring system Li-6400. chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics such as optimal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), actual photochemical efficiency Φ_PSⅡ, quantum efficiency of light-dependent thermal dissipation Φf.D, quantum efficiency of light-independent and fluorescence energy dissipation ΦNPQ were measured and calculated with the help of fluorescence chamber (6400-40). Relative water content of leaf was measured by weight method. The results showed that temperature of air (Ta) above TIC and PIC were 3.2℃ and 2.1 ℃ higher than NC, and temperature of soil (Ts) increased 1.5 ℃and 2.2 ℃ respectively. Relative humidity of air (RH) above TIC and PIC were about 5%-6% lower than NC and water content of soil (WCS) under TIC and PIC were about 4%-5% lower than NC in urban areas. Ginkgo biloba's ecophysiology response to the imperious surface is that the decrease of photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), conductance to H₂O (Gs) and leaf water content (LWC). The Pn of Ginkgo biloba planted on TIC and PIC were 39.3% and 22.7% lower than those on NC. Tr and Gs also had similar decrease trend. Compared to Ginkgo biloba planted on NC, the Ginkgo biloba planted on impervious surface (include TIC and PIC), the Fv/Fm and Φ_PSⅡ decreased, but VPDL and Φf.D increased, indicating that due to the impact of impervious surface approximately 10% more energy absorbed by leaf was released as heat but 5%-9% less energy was used for photosynthesis. The more urban imperious surface covered, the more severe stress to Ginkgo biloba suffered. The water use efficiency (WUE), light use efficiency (LUE) and CO₂ use efficiency (CUE) of Ginkgo biloba growing in urban imperious surface are 20%-40% less than that in the turf cover. This study revealed the response of Ginkgo biloba's ecophysiology characteristics and variations characters on different surface covers. It is very important to improve quality of the plant habitat and enhance ecological services of urban green space. It also provides a scientific reference for urban greening and constructing of the ecological land.