Temperature is the most important factor influencing development, reproduction, survival, and population growth of insects. With the global climate change, a 1.4-5.8℃ increase in global mean temperature by the end of this century, with more increase in the autumn, is predicted. The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, is a key insect pest occurring on rice in summer and autumn in temperate regions of Asia. To determine the effects of climate change on the brown planthopper, a series of constant temperatures (19℃, 22℃, 25℃, 28℃, 31℃ and 34℃) were set up to measure the influence of temperature on its development, survival and oviposition, and to model the relationship between temperature and these biological parameters. The temperatures were so set that they covered the extremes that the brown planthopper might experience during its occurrence. The current results showed that: (1) Larval and nymphal durations were the shortest at 28℃. Brachypterous female nymphs developed slower than male nymphs at all temperatures except 22℃. (2) At 34℃, no nymphs emerged, indicating that 34℃ may be a limiting high temperature for the brown planthopper. Rank of nymphal survival at different temperatures was 25℃ >22℃ >28℃ >19℃ >31℃. Low temperatures resulted in higher mortality in young nymphs, and high temperatures caused more old nymphs dead. (3) Order of pre-oviposition period at different temperatures was 19℃ >31℃ >22℃ >25℃ >28℃. Oviposition duration was the longest at 22℃. Brachypterous female adults lived longer with the decrease of temperature, deposited the most eggs (256 per female) at 28℃ and the lowest eggs (108 per female) at 19℃. (4) Biological parameters of the brown planthopper (y) were correlated to temperature (x) and significant regression models were obtained for egg duration (y=0.079 x²-4.462 x+70.536), nymphal duration (y=0.233 x²-12.886 x+189.878), pre-oviposition period (y=0.068 x²-3.614 x+49.88), and longevity of brachypterous female adults (y=-0.622 x+35.03), while the regression models between temperature and nymphal survival (y =-0.86 x²+41.712 x-411.28), fecundity (y=-2.284 x²+121.56 x-1380.45), and oviposition period (y=-0.098 x²+4.862 x-47.152) were not significant. In conclusion, the temperature of 34℃ inhibited egg hatching in the brown planthopper and might interrupt its population growth. Mortality of young nymphs was high at low temperatures, while high temperatures caused high mortality in old nymphs. The optimal air temperature range for development, survival and reproduction of the brown planthopper was between 27℃ and 31℃. Significant regression models existed between temperature and parameters of development duration, which can be used in population forecast, while the regression models between temperature and parameters of survival and oviposition were not significant and should be exercised with caution. Considering the predicted high temperature increase in autumn in the temperate regions, the current results indicate that population size of the brown planthopper may increase in the future.