By adopting the ridge film mulching (T1),wheatgrass mulching (T2) and zero tillage without cover (T3) method. To determine and analyze the soil temperature and moisture in a year changes in dry land pear orchard in eastern Gansu. The results show that the soil temperature of T1 is highest in 0-60cm soil horizon in a year. During bud sprouting and flowering to the growth stage of the fruit, the soil temperature of T2 is lowest,and T3 is lowest which new shoots stop growing period to leaf fall period.T1 treatment which The highest temperature of the surface and 20cm soil appears in early June, but 40 cm and 60cm appeared in early August. It was concluded that the highest temperature of the shallow layer (0-40 cm) of T1 appears in advance, while the highest temperature of different soil layer of T2 and T3 are in early August. In 0-25cm soil horizon, different treatment soil temperature performance for sunny is highest, lowest rainy day. The soil temperature difference of T1 from July to August is maximum, and T3 is maximum in the remaining time. In a year, the soil temperature difference of T2 is minimum. At growth prophase (4-6 months)of pear tree, the soil moisture content of T3 is minimum. After the July, the soil moisture content of T3 is highest. Annual growth cycle of pear tree, the soil moisture content change of T1 is minimum, and T3 is maximum. The soil bulk density of T1 with different soil horizon is minimum and its soil porosity is maximum. T3 is contrary. In 0-120 cm soil horizon, the soil bulk density of T1 and T3 treatment are performing first rises then falls, but T2 treatment is the first drop then stable change. The soil nutrient element contents of different treatment with the time change is reduced, the range of T3 is biggest. Mulching slow down loss speed of the soil nutrients, and also increase the soil trace element contents of iron, zinc, boron, etc.