Post-disaster ecological restoration assessment as one of the key research directions of restoration ecology assumes, with reference to specific goals and systems, the role of assessing and appraising the change of structure, function, quality, health and safety of damaged or degraded ecosystem during the restoration succession, after an interval of certain time following natural or induced disaster. It is inevitably the requirement for determining the degree of ecosystem restoration, testing the effect of restoration pattern and screening out the feasible ecological restoration project. Ever since the 90s of the last century, it has by no means halted at any occasions in enticing the attention more than ever from the research fellows, in parallel with the improvement of research methods and hiked public awareness of necessity of disaster prevention and mitigation. Post-disaster ecological restoration assessment is conducted mainly towards highly frequent disaster with severe ecological damage, covering six major types of disasters, namely forest fire, earthquake and geological disaster, drought, mining and ground subsidence, volcanic eruption and hurricane. Research content extends to three aspects, i.e. ecological succession under various time series, differentiation and correlation analysis on restoration effect of the affected ecosystems under various conditions and trend prediction of the ecological restoration of the affected ecosystems. Based on various indices of the reference systems, the assessment indices could be categorized as two parts: 1) the remote sensing indices based on pre-disaster reference systems, such as NDVI, vegetation coverage, leaf area index, land use type and landscape pattern indices, etc.; 2) ground indices based on unaffected reference systems or on restoration property, such as species composition, biomass, species richness, thickness of trees and shrubs, tree height and DBH, and soil indices in terms of soil moisture, pure soil composition, organic carbon and nutrient(N、P、Ca and K)content, etc. Presently there are four key assessment methods, which are single factor comparison method (comparison of time series between vegetation and soil factors), comprehensive index method (comparison of ecological safety, health and stability before and after disaster), simulation method (cellular automata model and Markov chain intended to simulate and predict dynamic changes of damaged ecosystem) and inverse method (assessment of the effect of disaster prevention and mitigation intended to reconstruct the ecological restoration condition). In wake of the problems like absence of systematic feature, overly unitary reference system and inefficacy in guiding the subsequent restoration of the disaster areas, prospective researches on technical framework process, classification and induction of index system, formulation of the ecological restoration standard threshold and application of ecological restoration assessment should be revved up for the good of showcasing the scientific and objective features of the assessment conclusions and of rendering the boost to the ecosystem management.