Jinggangshan (N26°13'-26°52', E113°59'-114°18') is in the middle of the east slope of Luoxiao Mountain and the overall topography is higher in southwest and gradually lower towards north and east. It lies in the middle subtropical zone and has obvious seasons. There are abundant precipitation and heat resource. The annual temperature is 14.2℃ and the annual rainfall is 1889.8 mm. The highest site is in the south face, 2120.4 m, while the lowest site is in Qixiling Longtan port with an altitude of 200 m, the greatest difference in altitude is up to 1920 m. The Jinggangshan Mountain is magnificent and steep with lots of cliffs. There are beaded basins (depressions) with dendritic water system among the hills. There are riffles and rapids in some regions, forming water falls in narrow gorge. Jingganshan has complex geography, which is the base of diverse community and ecosystem. In general, the diverse types of ecosystem have the potential to support diverse biological communities. However, it is rare to study the ecosystem types in Jinggangshan area. And it is unclear how complex the ecosystems on different scales. Therefore, ecosystem types in Jinggangshan were studied, and the relationship between ecosystem and species biodiversity was discussed. This will be the basis of ecological protection and environmental management in Jinggangshan area. Based on the First-level IUCN/SSC Habitat classification, there are 9 First-level habitats (almost including all the habitats except marine habitat) in Jingganshan area, suggesting the habitat is plentiful. Forest is the largest area among these first-level habitats, which is the key foundation of the diversity of natural ecosystem and vegetation types. Then the sub-habitats (such as shrubs, grassland and water) enrich the complexity and integrity of ecosystem. The first-level habitats in Jinggangshan, being related to the diversity of ecosystem type, are the basic of ecosystem classification. In addition, here we used an integrative classification of ecosystem based on the origin of ecosystem, the geography of ecosystem, the habitat or attribute of ecosystem, as well as the structure and function of ecosystem. The results showed that there are 53 types of ecosystem in Jinggangshan, twenty-one of which is natural ecosystems (in散?獵灤敩据楧攠獦?楲湥??椬渠杧杲慡湳杳獬桡慮湤??坮敤?捳潴湩捬汬甠摷敡摴?瑲栠慥瑣?瑳桹敳?灥汭攠湥瑴楣昮甩氬?栱愴戠楩瑳愠瑡獲?慩湦摩?癩慡牬椠潥畣獯?瑹祳灴敥獭?漨晩?散捬潵獤祩獮瑧攠浡獲?慩牦敩?瑩桡敬?海慥楴湬?扮慤猬椠捡?潴晩?桩楣杩桡?搠楦癯敲牥獳楴琬礠?潧晲?扣極潬汴潵杲楡捬愠汥?捯潳浹浳畴湥業瑳礠??睴栮椩挬栠?楮獤?琱核攠?晳漠畣湯摭慰瑬楥潸渠?潣景?桹楳杴桥?摳椠瘨敩牮獣楬瑵祤?潮晧?扳楥潭汩漭杮楡捴慵汲?獬瀠敥捣楯敳獹?楴湥??椠湡杮杤愠湳来獭桩愭湡?慴物敦慩?ial ecosystems etc.). This classification only reaches 4 levels. In fact there are still plentiful ecosystem types below the 4^th level. For instance, the 4^th level ecosystem "Broad-leaved forest" can be divided into ravine evergreen forest, typical evergreen forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest, mountaintop evergreen broad-leaved copse ecosystem etc. And the 4^th level ecosystem lentic ecosystem (lake, reservoir, water pool) can be divided into lake, reservoir and water pool ecosystem. This indicates that there are plentiful ecosystem types in Jinggangshan area. Vegetation covered the largest proportion in Jinggangshan area. Thus the plant community was investigated in order to understand the diversity of ecosystem in Jinggangshan. The results showed that there were 14 vegetations, 90 formations and 180 associations. Comparing with adjacent heritages, there are the most vegetation types in Jinggangshan. The vegetation types are nearly 3 times of the adjacent Sanqingshan Heritage and Wuyishan Heritage though the area of Jinggangshan is smaller than those two heritages. Within a certain range, the biodiversity depends on the diversity of habitat and the key construct elements. There are the highest higher plant species and amphibians in Jinggangshan relative to those 7 adjacent heritage sites, while insect species is only second to Wuyi Mountain, and the bird species is only second to Danxia Mountain. The complex and diverse topography and landform in Jinggangshan form various habitats and ecosystems, provides plentiful niches, which is undoubtedly the foundation of the coexisting animals and plants. Although there are limited space (distribution area) in Jinggangshan, the plentiful differentiated niches makes it possible to breed and grow much mor