群居动物中的共同决策
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陕西省科学院动物研究所,陕西省科学院动物研究所,西北大学生命科学学院,陕西省科学院动物研究所,陕西省科学院动物研究所;西北大学生命科学学院

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国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(31130061); 陕西省科学院重点资助项目(2012K-01);陕西省科学院应用基础研究项目(2010K-08);日本COSMO石油环境卡基金(2005-2012);陕西省科学院青年基金项目(2013K-35)


Decision making in group living animals
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Institute of Zoology,Shannxi Academy of Sciences,Xi’an,,,,Institute of Zoology,Shannxi Academy of Sciences,Xi’an;College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi''an

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    摘要:

    群居的个体能够更好的躲避天敌的捕食,增强与同种其它种群的资源竞争,增加生殖机会与生殖成功率,使信息在个体之间顺畅的交流等。但是群内个体又会在有限的资源下产生群内的个体竞争,从而引起动物群的分裂,失去群居的利益。为了保持动物群的聚合力,当动物群内出现冲突时,需要在群内个体间形成协调各种冲突以及在群内达成共识的机制。依据动物社群组成的不同,领导力机制和自组织机制是协调群内冲突,形成一致决策和联合决策的两种主要机制。从行为生态学的角度入手,阐述了动物群内共同决策的类型,群内冲突的协调机制,共同决策的制定过程,比较了信息因素与利益因素在共同决策制定过程中的影响。旨在藉此推进我国相关领域研究的开展, 为群居动物社会与行为生态学研究者启发思路,并为保护群居濒危物种提供科学依据。

    Abstract:

    Group living provides various advantages to individuals such as predator protection, improved competiveness against conspecific groups for resources, and better breeding and exchange of information. However, close spatial proximity commonly comes with costs in the form of increased competition between individuals over limited resources within the group. In the competion, unless a decision is reached among indivudals, the group will split apart and indivuduals will loss advantages in group living. To keep the group cohesive, self-organization and leadership are two means of coordination and two types of decision can be made on the group level: combined decision and consensus decision. Here we briefly review the types of group decisions, the coordination mechanisms of competition within group and the process of group decision making. We also compare the effect of information and interest in group decision making. We tend to provide backgrounds to further studies on group decision and advices for conservation in group-living animals.

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王程亮,王晓卫,齐晓光,赵海涛,李保国,赵建强,蒲可.群居动物中的共同决策.生态学报,2013,33(16):4857~4863

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