Determining bioavailability is a key process in ecological risk assessment of soil heavy metal pollution. It is time-consuming and costly to measure the soil heavy metal bioavailability, limiting its application in ecological risk assessment. In this research, data collected from the literature was analyzed by regression analysis, correlation analysis and linear analysis using SPSS. Seven soil factors affecting plant uptake of soil arsenic are summarized. Mechanisms of plant exposed to soil arsenic are revealed. Statistical analyses showed that the influence of nutrition salts to plant accumulation of arsenic could be neglected, the soil factors were multiple linear and the plant accumulation concentration was mainly influenced by the physical composite index of soil texture, and chemical composite index of soil pH value and total arsenic concentration. Silt content, clay content, organic matter content and cation exchange capacity affect the accumulation to some extent. Mathematical model was developed to connect the soil properties and plant exposed to soil arsenic. It reveals the variation of plant accumulate arsenic concentration with soil properties, and provides the theory basis for soil heavy metal bioavailability risk evaluation method.