Fire disturbance plays an important role in wetland ecosystems. Although wetlands account for a small percentage of the earth's land surface, they are an important global terrestrial carbon sink. A large amount of carbon stored in wetland soils could be released as carbon dioxide into the atmosphere after fire and this could have a significant impact on global warming. It is for these reasons that soil carbon storage in wetlands after fire disturbance has attracted much research attention in recent years. Previous studies on the influence of fire disturbance on forested swamp ecosystems in the Xiaoxing'an Mountains of Northeast China have lacked adequate reports. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe both the litter mass and soil carbon storage changes after fire disturbance in two different forested swamp ecosystems to provide a theoretical basis for restoration of forested swamp ecosystems and sustainable wetland management. Soil samples from Betula platyphylla and Larix gmelinii-Carex schmidtii forested swamps in the Xiaoxing'an Mountains of Northeast China were collected from plots disturbed by different intensities of fire and control plots to comprehensively investigate the effects of fire disturbance on litter mass and soil carbon storage (within 0-50 cm depth) of the ecosystems. The results showed the following: 1) The surface litter mass of the control plots, the low intensity fire plots and the high intensity fire plots were 1.37 kg/m² (0.65 kg C/m²), 1.36 kg/m² (0.62 kg C/m²), and 0.87 kg/m² (0.42 kg C/m²), respectively, in the B. platyphylla swamps and 2.19 kg/m² (0.94 kg C/m²), 1.20 kg/m² (0.52 kg C/m²), and 1.09 kg/m² (0.47 kg C/m²), respectively, in the L. gmelinii-C. schmidtii swamps. The surface litter mass and carbon storage in the B. platyphyll swamp decreased by 36.36% (0.50 kg/m²) and 35.52% (0.23 kg C/m²), respectively, after high intensity fire disturbance but no significant changes were detected after low intensity fire disturbance. The surface litter mass and carbon storage of the L. gmelinii-C. schmidtii swamps decreased by 45.32% (0.99 kg/m²) and 44.66% (0.42 kg C/m²), respectively, after low intensity fire disturbance and 50.42% (1.10 kg/m²) and 49.71% (0.47 kg C/m²), respectively, after high intensity fire disturbance. 2) The soil carbon storage of the control plots, low intensity fire plots and high intensity fire plots was (23.55±6.34) kg C/m², (18.50±8.16) kg C/m², and (32.50±7.22) kg C/m², respectively, in the B. platyphylla swamps and (20.89±2.59) kg C/m², (23.52±16.03) kg C/m², and (21.75±6.60) kg C/m², respectively, in the L. gmelinii-C. schmidtii swamps. There was no significant difference between different sampling plots at 0-50 cm depth. However the soil carbon storage of the high intensity fire plots at 0-10 cm in the L. gmelinii-C. schmidtii swamps was decreased by 62.58% (4.61 kg C/m²) and 60.51% (4.22 kg C/m²) compared with the control plots and low intensity fire plots, respectively, at the same depth. There were significant (P<0.01) differences between the high intensity fire plot and the control plot and between the high intensity fire plot and low intensity fire plot (P<0.01). This study aimed to provide useful information for the carbon management and prescribed fire disturbance in the development of the forested wetland ecosystems in Northeast China.