Landscape pattern change has received much attention, since they provide key information of human activity effects on landscape in recent years. In this paper, landscape pattern change and its driving forces of the Yancheng National Natural Reserve were analyzed by using RS and GIS technology. Date collected from remote sensing images of TM in 1992, 1999 and 2008 were analyzed to figure out landscape pattern change of Yancheng National Natural Reserve from Xinyang port to Xingang port coastal wetland during the16 years.
The results indicated that: between 1992 and 2008, the dominant type of landscape matrix transformed from natural landscape whose area was occupied 78.04% to artificial landscape including dry field and paddy field whose area was occupied 61.81% in entire zone; natural landscape still dominated in core zone, although its area had a little change that decreased from 86.51% to 84.79%; natural landscape area changed from 83.86% to 32.61% in buffer zone and changed from 66.60%to15.83% in experimental zone, the change of two zones whose natural landscape area was decreasing were agreement with the entire zone. In the landscape fragmentation, the patch density index in entire zone increased from 27.90 to 46.15, landscape fragmentation was serious; the density index decreased from 27.60 to 26.60 and the average patch area increased in core zone, landscape fragmentation slightly increased but not significant; the change of buffer zone and experimental zone were agreement with entire zone. In the landscape diversity, the diversity index in entire zone increased from 1.35 to 1.65, the landscape pattern become more complicated and the degree of heterogeneous increased; landscape diversity slightly increased but not significant in core zone; the diversity index which transferred from 1.01 to 1.62 increased significantly in buffer zone; the landscape diversity index decreased from 1.40 to 1.36 and the degree of heterogeneous decreased in experimental zone. The landscape pattern in entire zone was developing into the equalization direction; the core zone and buffer zone were agreement with entire zone, but the experimental zone changed into simplification direction. In the driving force of the landscape pattern change, the natural factors were dominant in core zone and human factors were dominant in buffer and experimental zone. Due to the outside interference which transformed the landscape pattern continue to deepen, the paradox between landscape ecological environment protection and economic development in Yancheng National Natural Reserve will also be more and more prominent. Therefore a deeply study on landscape pattern change and its driving forces in Yancheng National Natural Reserve is necessary.