Ulums pumila, a typical anemochorous plant, is the single dominant species of many woodlands in the Keerqin Sandy Land, China. To understand habitat differences in the characteristics of seed deposition and seedling distribution in U. pumila, we randomly surveyed the numbers of seed and seedlings in the habitats of both understory and the wooland gaps. We also measured the abundance of seed and/or seedlings along transects of different directions starting from the woodland edges and the bases of isolated trees to illustrate differences and regulation of seed dispersal directions on the woodland edges and isolated trees. For the understory habitats, U. pumila seed densities on either shady or sunny slopes were significantly higher than both at the top of sand dunes or on the bottom of sand dunes. For the canopy gaps, seed densities on the bottom of sand dunes were greater than at the top of sand dunes. The number and distance of seed dispersal differed apparently among directions with the least amount of cumulative number of seed dispersal and the nearest dispersal distance were observed in the southwest direction (southwesterly winds are prevailing winds for the studied area); whereas the greatest amout of cumulative number of seed dispersal and the farthest dispersal distance were observed in the northeast direction for both woodland edges and isolated U. pumila trees. In the six sampled directions, seed dispersal patterns of both woodland edges and istolated trees can be discribed by density functions of the Weibull distribution and the Log-normal distribution (X_(α)²<0.500). For the understory habitats, the seedling densities on the shady slope were higher than on the sunny slope. We also observed that the seedling densities at the top of sand dunes were greater than on the bottom of sand dunes for both the understory habitats and gaps. The seedlings were continuously distributed within a range of 19 m starting from thewoodland edges. In the Keerqin Sandy Land, without restrictions and human disturbance, U. pumila woodlands could not only be renewed naturally but also gradually expand its distribution in suitable habitats.