The fast development of coastal economy and increasing exploiting stress of coastal areas have greatly increased the pressures imposed on Luoyuan Bay, which located in the northeast of Fujian province. These pressures usually include habitat destruction, port activities, urban sewage, farmland fertilizer lossand and aquaculture. Assessing the Ecological quality status (EcoQS) comprehensively offers positive bases for assessing and ranking the severity of disturbance and pollution of coastal waters, and plays an important role in the course of related decision-making regarding effective remediation and management of the deteriorated ecosystem. How to refer to the relative mature assessment methods and standards to establish the integrated EcoQS evaluation methods suited to the characteristics of Chinese coastal water is an urgency of the comprehensive management of marine environment. In this study, based on the monitoring items of coastal water in China and the data collected, the EcoQS evaluation index system for coastal waters in the European Water Framework Directive (WFD) was adjusted and applied in Luoyuan Bay. The adjusted evaluation index system was also based on ecological elements (phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthos), chemical elements (priority controlled heavy metals and organic pollutions), physicochemical elements (dissolved oxygen, transparency and nutrients of water and sediment) and hydromorphological elements. According to historical data collected, the reference conditions of physicochemical and biological elements (Shannon-Wiener index of zooplankton, AMBI, richness index, Shannon-Wiener index of benthos) of Luoyuan Bay were established. The EcoQS was assessed based on ‘One-out all-out (OOAO) principle’, i.e., the worst status of the element used in the assessment determines the final status of a water body, and was classified as ‘High, Good, Moderate, Poor and Bad’. The rationality and objectivity of assessment results was validated by anthropogenic disturbances information. According to the established reference conditions, several indexes among the current standards deviate from related researches and standards around the world, indicating that the current united standards used for marine ecology evaluation in China may not be appropriate. The assessment results showed that, among the 9 stations of Luoyuan Bay, 1 station was classified as ‘Good’ and the other 8 stations were ‘Moderate’, the average status of the whole bay was also ‘Moderate’. Luoyuan Bay was obviously polluted and disturbed by anthropogenic activities, and the ecosystem was deteriorated moderately, which meant restoration actions must be taken in light of WFD requirement. The validation of the assessment results indicated that the assessment results of all stations were basically consistent with the anthropogenic pressures information except for the station LY01 with higher anthropogenic pressures. It meant that the adjusted index system, established reference conditions and the evaluation method based on ‘OOAO principle’ were able to objectively assess the EcoQS of Luoyuan Bay.