我国烟粉虱早春发生与秋季消退
DOI:
作者:
作者单位:

贵州山地农业病虫害重点实验室,贵州大学昆虫研究所,农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,中国科学院动物研究所;北京邮电大学,贵州山地农业病虫害重点实验室,贵州大学昆虫研究所,农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,中国科学院动物研究所

作者简介:

通讯作者:

中图分类号:

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金资助项目(30771712, 31170661); 国家科技部"十一五"林业科技支撑资助课题 (2006BAD03A04)


Appearance in spring and disappearance in autumn of Bemisia tabaci in China
Author:
Affiliation:

Institute of Entomology,Guizhou University,Key Laboratory for Plant Pest Management of Maintanous Region of Guizhou Province,Guiyang,State Key Laboratory of lntegrated Management of Pests and Rodents,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Science;Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Institute of Entomology,Guizhou University,Key Laboratory for Plant Pest Management of Maintanous Region of Guizhou Province,Guiyang,State Key Laboratory of lntegrated Management of Pests and Rodents,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Science

Fund Project:

  • 摘要
  • |
  • 图/表
  • |
  • 访问统计
  • |
  • 参考文献
  • |
  • 相似文献
  • |
  • 引证文献
  • |
  • 资源附件
  • |
  • 文章评论
    摘要:

    系统观测了B型烟粉虱在4个不同恒温条件下的发育历期,得出了卵、1龄、2龄、3龄、伪蛹和世代的发育起点温度分别为13.80、15.66、15.99、15.66、8.47,12.92℃,有效积温分别为99.29、51.84、30.42、33.83、97.40,331.55d℃。在此基础上,通过结合收集的气象资料,利用ArcGis软件,预测了烟粉虱在我国早春发生与秋季消退时间分布。这些研究结果将为未来全球变化条件下烟粉虱的预测、预报和治理提供了重要参考。

    Abstract:

    Phloem-feeding insects are highly specialized in their mode of feeding and present a unique stress on plant fitness. Not only do these insects feed for prolonged periods of time on host photoassimilates, but also they pose a threat as vectors of plant viruses and deposit honeydew to encourag the growth of mold. There are approximately 1500 described species of whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), which are divided into two subfamilies: Aleyrodinae (of world-wide origin) and Aleyrodicinae (originating mostly in Central and South America), with most species occurring in the warmer, tropical, and subtropical regions. Since the emergence of several polyphagous pest species, such as the spiraling whitefly, the greenhouse whitefly and the sweetpotato whitefly, whiteflies have received much attention. The wide whitefly-plant associations resulting from their extensive geographical and host plant ranges provide ample opportunities for complex interactions with organisms at all trophic levels. Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B is an important pest which has erupted and caused severe worldwide damage the last 20 years. Whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) comprise tiny phloem-sucking insects. The sessile development of their immature and their phloem-feeding habits (with minimal physical plant damage) often lead to plant-mediated interactions with other organisms. Whiteflies are phloem-feeders that excrete excess sugars as honeydew. The life cycle of whitefly comprises an egg, four nymphal instars, and winged adults. The eggs hatch into crawlers, which is the only mobile immature stage. Once settled, crawlers molt to sessile second instars with dysfunctional legs. Following two additional molts, the pharate adults develop within the cuticle of the fourth instars, emerging aswinged adults (1-2 mm) that live up to several weeks.The life cycle is mainly regulated by temperature (taking 2-3 weeks to several months to complete) but may include a long diapause. Ninety percent of B. tabaci adults emerged from their pupal cases between 6:00 am and 9:30 am. Few emerged during hours of darkness. Recent progress in studying mechanisms of its invasion indicates the greater ability of competitive displacement which involves the competition of ecological niche, reproduction interference, the interactions of whitefly and virus with indigenous B. tabaci and other competing herbivores, is the most important factor. The successful invasion and spread is affected by the pesticide resistance. In the meantime, the ecological environment such as host, climatic factor, over wintering sites also affected B. tabaci. Temperature affected the development, survivorship, and fecundity of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B significantly. Most of the vegetables and ornamental plants affected by this pest. Thereby, much attention to the infestation of whiteflies or increase of whitefly populations should be taken. The developmental time of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B was studied at 5 different constant temperatures. The temperature threshold of egg, first, second, third, fourth instars and total generation was 12.93、12.66、11.83、12.38、12.82, and 12.20℃ respectively, while the effective temperature was 99.53、61.81、47.39、36.73、81.95 and 329.96 degree. Base on these data and weather data, the pattern of appearance in spring and disappearance in autumn of Bemisia tabaci in China were forecast using ArcGis software. The results can offer important reference to forecast and management of Bemisia tabaci biotype B in China. Temperature is important in the successful establishment of insect population.

    参考文献
    相似文献
    引证文献
引用本文

陈春丽,郅军锐,戈峰,崔洪莹,赵明宇.我国烟粉虱早春发生与秋季消退.生态学报,2011,31(19):5691~5701

复制
分享
文章指标
  • 点击次数:
  • 下载次数:
  • HTML阅读次数:
  • 引用次数: