Forest carbon sequestration is one of the key parameters in research of carbon exchange between forest and atmosphere, also in estimation of the carbonaceous gas that absorbed or released by forest. The variation of forest carbon source and sink patterns presented the temporal charactors of forest carbon sequestration. The study applied regional carbon budget model (InTEC), and scale transformation from plot to region, based on forest inventory data, to depict the growth curve of main tree species and the relationships among forest age and net primary production (NPP), and to simulate and analyze the carbon sequestration of forest biomass, soil organic carbon and wood products from 1950 to 2008 in Jiangxi Province, considering forest age and disturbances. Furthermore, the spatial and temporal patterns of forest carbon sink and sources during the period of 1980-2008 were estimated, since the implementation of Mountain-River-Lake Program were revealed to assess the ecological effectiveness of the program, and to promote forest ecosystem restoration and conservation in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that forest annual average NPP, annual net increased carbon sequestration of biomass and wood products were estimated to ranges of 450-813 gC m^-2 a^-1, 26.55-36.23 TgC/a and 0.01-0.3 TgC/a before 1980s respectively. And the annual average NPP and annual net increased biomass carbon sequestration declined rapidly to lowest value of 307.39 gC m^-2 a^-1 and 17.31 TgC/a respectively, however, the annual net increased carbon sequestration of wood products reached to highest value of 0.6 TgC/a. Since the beginning of the Mountain-River-Lake Program in 1985, annual net increased carbon sequestration of biomass and wood products both increased rapidly to 42.37 TgC/a and 0.79 TgC/a due to massive forest planting project, however, the increasing rate of annual average NPP showed slower compared than that before. Furthermore, the forest ecosystem in Jiangxi province was a relatively strong carbon sink at the beginning of 1980, and then it decreased because of the lower volume of plantations and most residual secondary natural forests. Since 1990s, the carbon sinks increased steadily responding to the rapidly increasing forest area. Of course, there remained some uncertainties in our estimations of carbon sources and sinks in Jiangxi's forests. The improved inventory-based estimates of forest carbon stocks presented in this paper would help to constrain uncertainties from ecological modeling. In addition, most estimates of forest carbon stocks have neglected or seldom considered the effects of economic forest, bamboo and understory etc., which led to underestimate. However, the limited forest land reminded that forest growth and efficient management would be effective to potential carbon gains in the future. Therefore, we should focus on the effects of forest management, to solve the demand of increased terrestrial carbon sinks. Furthermore, forest carbon management raises some interesting questions for us. For example, is carbon management compatible with utilization of forest resources? How does carbon management enhance or detract from other ecosystem services such as water conservation and biodiversity? Besides deepening our understanding of increasing carbon sinks by forestation, the limitations and negatives of forestation projects should be realized, and new technologies for forestation and enhancement of carbon stocks should be exploited.