Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema×grandiflorum Tzvel.) is one of the most economically important ornamental plants all over the world. Aphid is one of major agricultural pests and specialized to feed on phloem, they penetrate plant tissues via a primarily intercellular route, and ingest phloem sap from Chrysanthemum plants through stylets. Aphids not only result in a loss in quality, but also are an important vector of plant viruses besides damaging Chrysanthemum plants directly. Chrysanthemum is particularly susceptible to aphid infestation from the time of its seedling stage to its flowering as a crop. The phenotypes caused by aphids include the leaf rolling, chloroplast degradation, and folding of leaves or inflorescence of Chrysanthemum. Given the evolution of aphid resistance to pesticides, there is a growing need to screen aphid-resistant germplasm from Dendranthema and its closely related genera Artemisia L. for the breeding of chrysanthemum. The aphid resistance of eleven species from Dendranthema and Artemisia L. were evaluated at seedling stage under the field in Chrysanthemum Germplasm Resource Preserving Centre, Nanjing Agricultural University, China and lab conditions in no-insect nets room of Nanjing Agricultural University. The results showed that the aphid-resistance reduced with average damage index of aphid (I^*) value increased under the field condition. A. vulgaris 'Variegate’, A. scoparia and A. annua that all had 0.00 I^* value were all aphid immunity species; A. japonica with 0.13 of the I^* value was belonging to high resistant level; The I^* value of aphid resistance of the D. crassum belonging to resistant level was 0.25; D. dichrum with 0.37 I^* value was belonging to moderately resistant grade; D. yoshinaganthum and D. japonicum whose I^* value were 0.51-0.75 were belonging to aphid sensitive grade; D. boreale, D. zawadskii and D. nankingense with the >0.75 I^* value were highly sensitive to aphids. Under lab condition, aphid resistance varied among species. Eleven species can be divided into five different grades in terms of aphid resistance according to the multiplication rate (MR). For example, the A. vulgaris 'Variegate’, A. japonica, A. scoparia and A. annua with 0.00 MR all were the highest resistance species; D. crassum that had 5.86 MR belonged to moderate resistant type; D. dichrum, D. yoshinaganthum and D. japonicum with 7-10 MR were belonging to low resistant grade; D. boreale, D. zawadskii and D. nankingense whose MR were all >10, were non-resistant species. The aphid resistance under field condition was overall consistent with that under lab condition. The aphid resistance of eight species such as A. vulgaris 'Variegate’ and A. scoparia were confirmed under field and lab conditions. However, A. japonica was high resistant specie under field condition while belonging to the highest resistant grade under lab condition; D. crassum was resistant to aphid under field condition but was moderate resistant one under lab condition; and D. dichrum had moderate resistance under field condition but low resistance to the pests under lab condition. Therefore, A. vulgaris 'Variegate’, A. scoparia, A. japonica, A. annua and D. crassum were promising germplasms for aphid-resistance breeding of chrysanthemum based on our results.