Preparation of transgenic fish transferred foreign growth hormone gene (thereafter abbreviation of transgenic fish) is the main method to shorten the growth period and increase the growth rate in cultured fish species. Presently, a lot of cultured fish species such as Atlantic salmon (Salmon salar), tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) have been transferred foreign growth hormone gene successfully. Previous studies showed that transgenic Atlantic salmon and tilapia were able to not only increase the growth rate but perform very well in other ways like salinity resistance and efficiency of food conversion, etc. Common carp is one of the dominant cultured fish species and has plenty of varieties and strains in China. Transgenic common carp has been prepared in the late of 1980s triumphantly. Previous documents mainly involved in studies of environment adaptation, body component as well as swimming speed between transgenic carp and wild carp. And now, scientists abroad and home give much more attention on researches of food and environment safety in transgenic fish species, transgenic common carp is no exception. In this study, in order to compare growth competition and gonad development of transgenic carps transferred salmon growth hormone gene and wild carps in semi-starvation condition, the experimental fish species were divided into group A and group B with the same total weight, and each group contained transgenic carps and wild carps with equal gross weight. Group A was fed with enough food and group B was fed with half of the former. Sampled in consecutive three months, the growth performance, food possession and gonad development were compared between transgenic carp and its counterpart in two groups. As a result, in group A and B, the relative growth rates of body weight of transgenic carp were 127.9% and 72.3% in transgenic carps, compared to 70.6% and 52.2% in wild carps individually, demonstrating that transgenic carp had the advantage of fast growth over wild carp. In addition, the data statistics showed that no remarkable significance was detected (P>0.05) in two groups, By comparing the filling index of intestinal tract of two carps, however, ratio of intestinal length and body length of transgenic carp was significantly greater than that of the control (P<0.05)，indicating that transgenic carp probably had stronger digestion capability for food. In addition, there was very slight difference during the gonad development of two carps in two groups (P>0.05), however, the value of relative gonad weight of transgenic carp was remarkably higher than that of the control in certain month (P<0.05). further pronouncing that the gonad of transgenic carp developed better than the control no matter in group A or B. To sum up, transgenic carp seems to have the stronger abilities of growth competition and propagation advantage than those of wild carp no matter that in food enough or shortage condition. Therefore, more concerns should be received in case transgenic carp escape to natural water systems during pool farming, which will probably affect the genetic background of wild carp based on this study.