This study carried out a detailed analysis for ecological economic development of Guizhou Province between 1992 and 2008 using emergy theory and methods. a systematic analysis was conducted for some indicators such as environmental loading ratio, waste emergy ratio, emergy dollar ratio, emergy consumption density per capital,emergy density, power consumption quantity, Emergy investment ratio, net emergy yield ratio, emergy self-sufficiency ratio, population carrying capacity and a comparative study was made for these indicators among several typical provinces in Chinese western regions. The result showed that the ecological economic development is mainly dependent on local resources, and its need for purchase emergy is comparatively small, Its pattern of economy was mainly an output type of raw materials, lacking intensive processing capacity and outputs of high added-value products. Environmental loading ratio rose from 2.15 in 1992 to 3.41 in 2008 that indicates the loading ratio of environment and resources system increased. The changes in waste energy ratio between 1992-2008 indicated that its a great declining trend. Emergy dollar ratio declined with its value between 382×1013sej/＄ and 2.47×1013sej/＄,which was mainly caused by fast-speed increase of GDP in Guizhou Province, showing that Guizhou Province has a weak economic base and a low level of economic development. Affected by the constraints of total energy use amount and population size, the per capita emergy consumption is fluctuating between 13.6×1015sej and 11.4×1015sej. The per capita emergy consumption is lower than that of Tibet and higher than that of other provinces. Emergy density increased between 1992 and 2008, its value was between 1.07×1011sej and 1.57×1011sej that indicated a rise of the strength of resources utilization. Energy use intensity is higher than world average level but lower than that of eastern coastal provinces, showing a underdeveloped level of Guizhou′s economy. Fraction of emergy used from electricity in Guizhou Province increased annually, and greatly increased especially at the beginning of 2000, showing that the improvement for development of water power resources in Guizhou Province was made. Emergy investment ratio rose from 0.049 of 1992 to 0.107 of 2008, its emergy investment ratio was generally lower than that of Jiangsu, Jiangxi, and is much lower than the world average level and that in in other developed regions during the same periods. The net emergy yield ratio between 1992 and 2008 decreased heterogeneously that fluctuated between 25.3 and 10.9, which was higher than that of Xinjiang, Sichuan and Gansu. There is a little change in the upper limit and lower limit of population carrying capacity in Guizhou Province during the studying periods. Energy self-sufficiency ratio in Guizhou shows a fluctuating trend, and its values decreased from 95.7％ in 1992 to 88.6％ in 2008.