Sustainable development requires economic development, environmental protection and social justice to be considered collectively. Tourism is one of the world’s largest industries, and as a globally pervasive, rapidly growing phenomenon-consumption trends in this sector exert a notable pressure on almost all areas of the planet. 'Sustainable Tourism’ has become one of the keywords in the debate on environmentally integrated tourism development, largely a result of the insight that the environmental consequences of this rapidly growing industry can no longer be ignored. Developing a sustainable tourism requires specific targets and planning, which may include modification or control of tourist activities offered, or quantitative guidelines within which to define upper bounds for visitation levels. The sustainable tourism should be linked to the concept of sustainable mobility. The tourism transport contributes most to tourism related energy use, and plays the important part in achieving sustainable tourism. The ecological footprint (EF) provides an aggregate estimate of demands upon the biophysical productivity and waste assimilation capacity of nature imposed by human lifestyles. This aggregate indicator permits the estimation of the equivalent land/sea area, or biosphere, required to support productive activities. Its unique attribute is that it accounts for the demand upon natural resources, in terms of an equivalent land/sea area, or global hectares. The EF method has been proposed as a standard methodology to evaluate the environmental implications of alternative development models. The EF analysis becomes widely adopted as a key environmental indicator of sustainable tourism. The tourism transport comprises all travel related to the vacation. The corresponding EF needs to consider both energy and infrastructure requirements. Based on the idea of EF, the tourism transport ecological footprint (TTEF) of Zhoushan islands (ZIS) were assessed in the base year 2008. The data were collected by using survey, questionnaire and interview. The results show: ①The total TTEF of ZIS is 62408.2164 hm² in 2008, and 0.011569 hm² per capita. The TTEF on long-distance and international traffic in Putuo golden triangle is 52748.7799 hm², and 84.52% of the total TTEF. ②The total greenhouse gas emissions (GGE) on tourism transport in ZIS are 291770.04 t CO₂-e, and 54.09 kg CO₂-e per capita. The GGE by air is 151061.58 t CO₂-e, and 51.77% of the total GGE. ③ Compared with the ecological carrying capacity (ECC) in ZIS, the total TTEF is relatively high which is 10.13% of ECC. The 87.19% of the total TTEF were occurred out of ZIS, and the tourism development in ZIS takes great pressure to the ecological environment outside this region.