Cropland soils located along the No. 104 national highways of Shangyu City, Zhejiang Province were significantly contaminated with heavy metals from road traffic. This paper was to estimate whether soil animals and heavy metal concentrations in coincide in polluted by emissions from automobile exhaust. So the concentration of heavy metals, and their effects on soil animal communities, were investigated in five contaminated sites and one uncontaminated control site. Soil samples were collected from a sampling area of 30 cm×30 cm at three depths (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm) five times each site over four seasons. Soil animals were extracted using Tullgren and Baermann funnels. Soil pH was measured with TFW-VI acidity meter; organic carbon was determined by K2Cr2O7 oxidation method and bulk density of soils by a simple method; total N was determined with Kjeldahl method and total K by flame photometer; total P was analyzed using the colorimetric method with molybdenum in sodium hydroxide. An X-ray fluorescent analysis was used to determine the concentrations of heavy metal in the study area (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Ni). Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS 13.0 program package. The results indicated that Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni were higher than the control group, the datas showed that total P, pH, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni were significantly different between the five sampling sites and the control group(P<005). A total of 4 046 individual soil animals were collected belonging to 50 groups, 7 classes and 4 phyla. The dominant groups were Collembola and Acariformes, the frequent groups were Diptera larvae, Nematoda, Araneae, Hirudinea and Diplura; other groups were rare. The difference in individual of soil animal was significant between sampling sites and the control group by one way analysis of variance(P<005). Correlation analysis of data was performed, both the individuals and the number of soil animal groups decreased with increasing proximity to the No. 104 national highway. The diversity index, evenness index of soil animal communities decreased with pollution levels increased, while a positive association was found between dominance index and the pollution levels. The spatial distribution of soil animals in the sampling sites showed that the individual and group of soil animals in sampling sites were decreased with the increasing soil depth. Heavy metal impacted the composition of soil animal communities, the more intense the disturbance, the greater influence on soil animals. Jaccard and Motyka coefficients had a high or moderate similarity among soil animal communities in sampling sites, which reached the range of 0680-0837, 67.9-82.7, respectively. Grey Relevant Analysis revealed that the environment factors had different effect on the key soil animal communities, total P produced the most effect on soil animals, the second effect factor was the soil pH, Pb was the third, and Zn had less significant effects on the soil animals. The influence of the physiochemical properties of soil (total P and pH) were greater than of heavy metal factors, while heavy metals contained showed a strongly correlation with soil animal communities. The impact of heavy metals on soil animal communities can not be ignored.