We studied the influence of temperature on the pythoncidere of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. We controled the temperature by using thermostat water bath, collected the pythoncidere with air sampler and activated carbon adsorbent, and analyzed components of the pythoncidere by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Our experiments showed that both composition and content of components in the pythoncidere varied with the temperature. Eleven compounds were identified to be the common components of all samples collected at the designed temperatures, while six compounds were only found at in samples obtained at certain temperatures. 1-Methyl-4(1-methyethyl) was the most abundant component in all samples collected at different temperatures, followed by limonene. 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl) ranked third in samples collected at 5℃, 25℃, 35℃ and 40℃, while β-myrcene was the thirdly dominant constituents in pythoncidere collected at 45℃ and 50℃. Among the 11 common components, volatilization of lavandulol and lavandulyl acetate peaked at 40℃, then decreased dramatically at 45℃, and sharply increaseed at 50℃. While the volatilization of other 9 components such as β-Myrcene, benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl) and limonene peaked at 45℃ followed by rapid decline, suggesting that constituents in pythoncidere vary significantly with temperatures. To further qualitatively analyze the relationship between composition of pythoncidere and temperature, eleven nonlinear regression equations were established by using temperature as the independent variable and the normalized peak area of eleven volatiles as the dependent variables.