水稻花粉扩散的模拟研究
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科技部转基因生物新品种培育重大专项资助项目(2008ZX08011-001); 国家自然科学基金资助项目(40975072)


A model for simulating rice pollen dispersal
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    摘要:

    水稻花粉扩散可导致基因飘流问题,尤其是转基因水稻,其外源基因的扩散可能会引发一系列的环境安全问题。为了模拟花粉扩散过程, 2007年和2009年分别在南京(32°01′N,118°52′E)和溧水(31°35′N,119°11′E),以两优培九为材料,各组织了一次田间试验。通过空气中的花粉扩散浓度的观测和微气象塔梯度环境要素的采集,采用高斯烟羽模型为基础,利用最小二乘法,模拟了水稻花粉的扩散浓度,并利用独立试验数据验证了模型效果。结果表明:花粉释放集中在始花期后第1天到第5天的09:00-11:00,且花粉释放量与开花量显著相关(r=0.880**)。花粉浓度的模拟值和实测值变化趋势一致,其均方根误差和相对误差分别为0.509 粒/(m2?d)和3.47%。该花粉扩散模型可以正确反映花粉扩散浓度的分布特征。但在花粉浓度的预测精度上,尤其是预测花粉远距离传播时,仍需要改进。

    Abstract:

    Pollen dispersal from rice results in gene flows. The transgenic flow from transgenic rice can be risky for environmental safety. In order to investigate the pollen disposal processes, field experiments with a hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. indica) were conducted in Nanjing (32 01′N,118°52′E) and Lishui, (31°35′N,119°11′E) Jiangsu, China in 2007 and 2009. The concentration of pollen grain in the air was measured and the gradient data of the environment factors were obtained from a meteorological tower. A model for simulating rice pollen dispersal was developed based on the Gaussian plume model. Least square regression was used to estimate the mean pollen grain release rate. Independent experimental data were used to validate the model. The results showed that the peak of pollen release in the filed scale occurred from 09:00 to 11:00 during 1-5 day after anthesis. The amount of pollen releasing was significantly dependent on the flowering number (r=0.880**). The simulated rice pollen concentration agreed well with the measured one. The root mean square error and the relative error between the simulated and the measured values were, respectively, 0.509 grain/(m2?d) and 3.47%. The results indicate that this pollen dispersal model can properly simulate pollen distribution in the air. Improvements, however, are needed for the model to predict the concentration of pollen grain, especially at the larger scale field.

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胡凝,陈万隆,刘寿东,罗卫红*,赵莉莉,高蓓.水稻花粉扩散的模拟研究.生态学报,2010,30(14):3665~3671

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