The invertebrate species and their abundance were investigated in lightly and heavily RIFA infested litchi orchard as well as in noninfested orchard as control in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China from August 2005 to July 2006. The results showed that, in the RIFA\|infested litchi orchard, the diversity and abundance of invertebrate communities and sub\|communities (insect pests, natural enemies and neutral insects) were lower while the dominance and dominant concentration were signficantly higher, than those in the control litchi orchard. The indices of the invertebrate community and sub\|communities fluctuated evidently with time, and were significantly correlated to the population density of RIFA. In the Litchi canopy, the fire ant significantly influenced the occurrence of lepidopteran larvae and the natural enemies including Hierodula patellifera（Serville）, Isyndus reticulates St, Chrysopa sinica Tieder, Anastatus japonicus, Oxyopes sertatus（L.Koch）, Runcinia albostriata Boes.et Str.. In the ground vegetation, the fire ant also significantly influenced lepidopteran noctuidae larvae insects, and the natural enemies including Tenodera aridifolia sinensis, Creobroter gemmata（Stoll）, Chrysopa sinica Tieder, Oxyopes lineatipes（L.Koch） and Philodromus cespitum（Walckenaer）. however, the individuals of Chilomenes quadriplaglata Swartz and Menochilus sexmaculata Fabricius increased noticeably. Some of ground and soil\|dwelling species such as Carabidae and Staphylidae, which are bio\|indicators of assessing success of ecological restoration, decreased dramatically. On the contrary, the individuals of Xylotrupes gideon increased steadily, implying that mutualism might exist between S. invicta. and X. gideon. Invertebrate community charicterisic index correlated with RIFA population size tightly, and the impact of RIFA population size on ground and soil\|dwelling invertebrate community was stronger than those in ground vegetation\|dwelling and canopy\|dwelling invertebrate community. The diversity components of the above three kind invertebrate communities in each type litchi orchard were analyzed using multiple stepwise regression. The result showed that, the change of invertebrate diversity in canopy\|dwelling and ground vegetation\|dwelling communities was mainly decided by dominant concentration, while the species evenness was the most important factor affecting the invertebrate diversity in ground and soil\|dwelling community.