全球气候变化背景下华北平原气候资源变化趋势
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国家科技基础性工作专项(2007FY120100);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)课题(2009CB118608); 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(GYHY200803028)资助


Characteristics of climate resources under global climate change in the North China Plain 0
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    摘要:

    在全球气候变化的大背景下,过去几十年,华北平原气候资源也发生了相应的变化,这一变化对该区域的粮食生产将产生深刻的影响。利用华北平原1961-2007年逐日气候资料,探讨了不同年代际间该区域气候资源的空间分布特征。研究结果表明:气候变暖使华北平原热量资源更加丰富,全区≥0℃和≥10℃积温呈整体增加趋势,空间分布呈北移东扩的变化特征;且气候带移动特征明显,向北移动了3个纬度,约300多km。过去47a,华北区域年降水量呈下降趋势,平均下降速率为18mm/10a。夏、秋两季降水量呈减少趋势,速率在25-40mm/10a之间;春、冬两季降水量呈微弱增加趋势,但增加幅度小于夏、秋两季的减少幅度。年平均参考作物蒸散量呈整体下降趋势,减幅小于降水量的变化趋势。全区日照时数显著减少,纬向分布特征明显,以大中城市附近减少最为突出。

    Abstract:

    In the past few decades, significant changes of climate resources had taken place across the North China Plain(NCP), corresponding to global climate changes. Climate change has caused far-reaching impacts to agricultural production in the North China Plain, where is one of the most important food production regions in China. In this study, characteristics of regional distribution of climate resources during the five different decades from 1961 to 2007 were analyzed by using daily weather data from 59 typical agro-meteorological stations located the North China Plain. The major results showed: (1) heat resources in the North China Plain were significantly enriched during the study period due to global climatic warming, such as ≥0℃ and ≥10℃ accumulative air temperature markedly increased, specially, in north and east. (2) Annual precipitation decreased about 20 mm per decade from 1961 to 2007. Seasonal precipitation in summer and autumn also decreased with rate ranging from 25 mm/10a to 40 mm/10a, however, slightly increased in spring and winter. In addition, yearly mean of reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) was declined in the North China Plain. The decreasing rate of rainfall was a little more than that of ET0. (3) Sunshine hours in the North China Plain showed a significant declination, especially in large and middle size urban area.

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马洁华,刘园,杨晓光*,王文峰,薛昌颖,张晓煜.全球气候变化背景下华北平原气候资源变化趋势.生态学报,2010,30(14):3818~3827

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