The research progress of the key links of environmentally ecological effect assessment of pollutants, selection of ecological receptor, determinations of end point and assessment parameters are summarized. The problems in the current research and development trends in the near future are also discussed. Thoroughly research has been carried out on the ecological receptors based on the individual and population and their corresponding end points. However, the ecological receptors based on community and ecosystem drawn less concentration and the corresponding end points can not exactly characterize the variation of their structures and functions. Further research on environmentally ecological assessment of pollutant would be concentrated on the ecosystem as receptor on condition that the end points are adequate to characterie ecosystem structure and function. Based on hypothesis tests, the NOEC,can only take the values of a tested concentration and can not produce confidence limits for it. The estimates of ECx depend on the selected models and its variation is significant. The confidence interval increases with decreasing effect size. It plays an important role in environmentally ecological effect assessment of pollutant to research estimation methodology of assessment parameter with a combination of advantages of hypothesis test with those of model.