Emergy theory combined with spatial autocorrelation analysis (ESDA) technology was used to evaluate emergy indices on cultivated land eco-economic systems of 138 counties in Hebei Province, in 2009. The results showed that emergy indices were aggregated spatially in the provincial region, compared with Moran's I of individual emergy indices, comprehensive emergy indices were larger, and the order of Moran's I were: EIR> EYR > ELR> ESI, and EMY> EMF> EMR> EMN> EMRI. The individual emergy indices of cultivated land eco-economic system in Hebei Province were significant in partial space aggregation. The EMN high-density zone was mainly located in the Bashang Plateau, north of Hebei. The EMN low-density zone was mainly located 15 counties to the west of Shijiazhuang and the central area of Chengde. The EMF high-density zone was located west of Shijiazhuang and the central area of Tangshan, while the EMF low-density zone was located in Zhangjiakou and Chengde. The EMRI high-density zone was located 9 counties northwest of the mountainous basin areas of Hebei and north of Chengde. The EMRI low-density zone was located in the flat agricultural regions. The EMY high-density zone was located northeast of the flat areas in Hebei,and the EMY low-density zone was located in the mountainous regions north of Hebei. The comprehensive emergy indices were significant in partial space aggregation. The EIR high-density zone was located 19 counties from Shijiazhuang, whereas the EIR low-density zone was located 21 counties from Zhangjiakou and north of Chengde. The EYR high-density zone was mainly located in 16 counties southeast of Xingtai and Handan, and the EYR low-density zone was located in 16 counties in the central and west areas of Shijiazhuang and 9 counties north of Baoding. The ELR high-density zone was located 16 counties from Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Xingtai, and Handan, whereas the ELR low-density zone was located 20 counties from Zhangjiakou and Chengde. The ESI high-density zone was located in 11 counties south of Zhangjiakou, and the ESI low-density zone was located 14 counties from the central area of Taihang Mountains, the east of Shijiazhuang, south of Baoding and Ningjin, and Baixiang counties of Xingtai. The energy indices of cultivated land eco-economic system in Hebei Province in general were significant in partial space aggregation, which were mainly located in the regions of Shijiazhuang Baoding-Tangshan and Zhangjiakou. The regions of Shijiazhuang, Baoding, and Tangshan were mountain-front flat areas with a mean annual precipitation of 500 650 mm, the soil layer was thick and mainly brown with high moisture content. These were the high-value regions of the integrated utilization of farmlands with complete agricultural infrastructural facilities, as well as suitable water and temperature conditions. The region of Zhangjiakou was a mountainous highland and the soil layer was sandy and thin, the average temperature ranges from 0 3.5℃, and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 400 500 mm. It has poor natural conditions and the economic development was at a low level. From the macro point of view, the spatial distribution difference in energy indices were mainly influenced by varied terrains and landforms, soil types, annual precipitation, agricultural infrastructural facilities, and integrated utilization of farmlands. The analysis of the spatial distribution differences and its driving factors of emergy indices has provided a scientific basis for defining farmland protective zones and designing farmland protection policies based on actual conditions.