Effects of the different methods of Solarization on greenhouse soil temperature, enzyme activity and microbial population, and cucumber root knot nematodes were studied in both laboratory and field experiments. The results showed that Solarization of soil in ridge and furrow with plastic film mulching was the most effective method to affect greenhouse soil temperature, enzyme activity and microbial population. After 16 days of treatment, the highest soil temperature in the depth of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm was 59.1, 57.7, 56.6, 48.9 and 47.6 ℃, respectively. In addition, the daily time period of the soil temperature over 55, 50 and 45℃ was 7.5, 8.5 and 16 h, respectively. With the increasing of soil temperature, the killing effects were improved. The activities of urease, invertase, alkaline phosphatase, and catalase in 0-20 cm deep soil were reduced by 43.3％, 18.7％, 20.1％ and 13.1％, respectively. The populations of soil fungi, bacteria and actinomycete were reduced by 96.0％, 84.8％ and 53.9％, respectively. However, the reduction of soil enzyme activity and microbial populations had some negative effects on soil environment. The above method had the most significant effect on soil as compared to the other 2 methods we also evaluated. Solarization of soil in ridge and furrow without plastic film mulching was less effective and that in flat soil without plastic film mulching was the least effective. The ridge and furrow Solarization with plastic film mulching can effectively control the cucumber root knot nematodes in the soil depth of 10-50cm. The control was 100% after one and two years, 96.7% after three years, and 72.8% after five years of solarization, respectively. The effect of ridge and furrow with plastic film mulching on the cucumber root knot nematodes was the best and its effective duration was the longest. In contrast, the ridge and furrow Solarization without plastic film mulching was less effective and the flat Solarization without plastic film mulching was the least effective for cucumber root knot nematode control.