We studied on the diet, morphology, echolocation calls and foraging time in two species of sympatric horseshoe bats, Rhinolophus sinicus and Rhinolophus affinis. Both R. sinicus and R. affinis are middle-sized horseshoe bats with the forearm lengths of (51.25±0.22) mm and (52.40±0.37) mm, respectively. They both emitted long constant frequency echolocation calls preceded and followed by brief frequency-modulated components (FM-CM-FM) when hanging. The peak frequencies of their echolocation calls were (82.07±0.17) kHz and (84.41±0.48) kHz, respectively. Feces analysis indicated that R. sinicus and R. affinis foraged on 9 genera and 7 genera of insects, respectively. Lepidiptera and Coleoptera (total volume percentage >90%) dominated the diets of the two species, but significant difference exists between volume percentage of Lepidiptera insects in the two species. No significant difference was found in prey size (scaled by the body length of Coleoptera insects) selection. The trophic niche of R. sinicus and R. affinis was 2.38 and 228, respectively, and the degree of trophic niche overlap was 0.91, so the trophic niche differentiation was not obvious. High prey availability in the habitat might contribute to the coexistence of these two species of horseshoe bats. Moreover, no significant differentiation of sensory ecology and temporal niche was found. The significant differences of wing load and peak frequency of the two species might result in the spatial niche differentiation in foraging microhabitat and promote their coexistence.