Wheat (Triticum aestivum) was chosen to analyze the effect of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), Phenanthrene (PHE) and Pyrene (PY) in brown meadow soil at low concentrations. The effects of PHE and PY were determined by analyzing the changes in activity of Cytochrome P450 (CytP450) and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT). Results indicated that both PHE and PY caused changes in activity of CytP450 and the antioxidant enzymes, SOD, POD and CAT. CytP450 activity was significantly stimulated with 1 mg kg-1 of both PHE and PY individually and significantly inhibited with 4 mg kg-1, which showed that pollution stress of PHE or PY can damage the metabolism and detoxification systems of plants. Moreover, as PHE and PY combined at 1 mg kg-1, CytP450 was increased significantly more than when PHE and PY were applied individually, which illustrates obvious synergistic effects. No significant variation were found in activity of SOD in response to individual exposure of PHE or PY in soil, but SOD activity decreased slightly in response to a combined PHE and PY exposure. Great decrease variation was found in CAT and POD activity in response to individual exposure of PHE or PY in soil. No enhanced toxic effects were shown by POD in response to a PHE and PY combined exposure, however CAT showed increased inhibition. From the aspects of metabolism and detoxification as well as antioxidant enzyme activity, our study has provided experimental basis for the pollution diagnosis of PAHs in soils at low concentrations.