The effects of eight isolates of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the plant growth and root colonization of Astragalus adsurgens were investigated in greenhouse pot experiment with backfill soil of open pit mining area. The results showed that two isolates of G.mosseae from Jiangxi and Xinjiang increased the biomass of plant and effectively enhanced P and N nutrition of host plant. The infection rates of these two isolates were above 50%, and the number of extraradical propagule was more than that of the other isolates. It was proved that the ecological adaptability of two isolates, G.mosseae-2 and G.mosseae-3 in the backfill soil were significantly higher than that of the other isolates; they are expected to benefit the plant cover reconstruction and ecological restoration in open pit mining area.