The genetic diversity among five species of Dendrolimus, i.e.Dendrolimus punctatus punctatus Walker, D. punctatus spectabilis Butler, D. superans Butler, D. houi Lajonquiere and D. kikuchii Matsumura was investigated using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Eight allozymes, such as Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Malate dehydrogenase (MDH), Malic enzyme (ME), Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), Formic acid dehydrogenase (FDH), Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), Catalase (CAT) and Peroxidase(POD) were analyzed. Twelve loci and fifteen alleles were detected, among which six loci were polymorphic (P = 50.0%). The average number of alleles per locus A was 1.917, and the expected heterozygosity He was 0.267, and their mean genetic distance was 0.0730-0.5701. The results indicated that the genetic diversity of Dendrolimus was high among the five species. According to the hereditary parameters of the five species, D. punctatus punctatus Walker and D. punctatus spectabilis Butler had the closest genetic relationship, while D. superans Butler and D. kikuchii Matsumura had the most distant genetic relationship.