The main factors influencing soil nitrification process are temperature and rainfall. In order to identify the interaction of climate, soil types and fertilization on the soil nitrification process, three main types of cropland soils from east China, i.e. Phaeozem, Cambisols and Acrisols, were selected to set up the soil displacement experiment in Red soil Ecological Experiment Station in Yingtan, Jiangxi Province, China. One-year experiment showed that soil nitrification intensity (SNI) changed with temperature and rainfall during the maize growing season. SNI decreased from the maize sowing to the blooming stage by 63.01%-84.84% for Phaeozem, 42.94%-66.74% for Cambisols and 43.67%-4620% for Acrisols, with an increase of monthly average temperature from 19.4℃ to 30.2℃ and a decrease of monthly rainfall from 335.6 mm to 59.2mm. SNI increased from blooming stage to maturity stage, with the monthly averaged temperature decreased by 1℃ and monthly rainfall increased by 116.4mm. Soil nitrobacteria number and SNI were affected by soil type, which was in a sequence of Cambisols > Phaeozems > Acrisols. Soil pH affected significantly SNI, with a correlation coefficient of r=0.778 (P<0.01). During the maize growing season, fertilization of N, P and K increased the number of soil nitrobacteria and the SNI in the three soils. In generally, temperature, rainfall, soil type and fertilization affected soil nitrification process, and there were interactions between soil and temperature, and between soil and fertilization.