The characteristics of root suckers of Populus euphratica. in Ejina oasis were studied in this research. The field investigation of root suckers in three habitats were carried out in the research areas. The results indicated that the asexual reproduction was the main regeneration approach for Populus euphratica in the last several years, there had no seed reproduced seedlings in the sample plots. In the habitats of sand dune and forest floor, 3-year-old root suckers had the higher proportion compared with the number of 1-year-old and 2-year-old suckers. The younger the root suckers were, the less proportion the root sucker occupied. In the habitat of seasonal flooding area, the 2-year-old suckers were with the largest number. The root suckers density in the the seasonal flooding area was obviously higher than the density in other two habitats, as well as the number of adventitious buds per root. Along with the root sucker aging, the proportion of the suckers without dead branches declined. The root suckers regeneration all happened in the root systems which distributed in soil layer above 30 cm underground, there had no root suckers recruited under 30cm.