高大乔木原位与离体叶片气体交换特征的比较——以三种环境下的青冈栎(Cyclobalanopsis glauca)为例
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广西科技攻关资助项目(桂科攻0322021);中国科学院西部之光人才培养资助项目(2005);广西自然科学基金资助项目(桂科回0575009)


Comparison of gas exchanges between in situ and abscised leaves of high arbortrees: a case study of Cyclobalanopsis glauca under three habitats
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    摘要:

    乔木由于个体高大,采用便携式仪器(如Li-6400)进行气体交换测定时的采样存在很多困难。研究了岩溶区、非岩溶区和盆栽等3种生境条件下的青冈栎植物叶片离体后的气体交换参数衰变特性并与活体状态进行比较,以确定叶片离体后仍能代表原位状态的最佳测定时间。叶片离开母体后,气孔短时内略微变大,然后逐渐关闭。不同条件下气孔的这种变化差异较大;蒸腾作用与气孔导度极显著线性相关,蒸腾作用受到气孔关闭的影响明显。离体叶片的蒸腾作用的大小与叶片的温度高低相一致。光合效率与气孔导度也呈显著相关,但相关程度较前者弱。不同温度条件下离体叶片的气体交换特征是不一样的,岩溶区高温加速了叶片的蒸腾速率,减少叶片组织自由含水量,导致水分胁迫的提前到来。温度越低离体叶片光合作用的衰减过程越慢。离体叶片的气体交换参数的在一定时间范围内的可靠性取决于叶片温度。在温度较低的时候(如20℃),离体叶片的可靠性20min以上,温度比较高(非岩溶区,温度约为32℃))的情况下,只有10min左右,而温度很高(岩溶区,叶温≥32℃)的情况下,这种可靠时间只有3~6min。

    Abstract:

    It remains difficult to monitor gas exchanges of tall arbor trees using portable equipments, e.g. Li-6400, as it is hard to reach the leaf samples in situ. Due to tree heights, this paper aim to compare the gas exchange between in situ and abscised leaves of Cyclobalanopsis glauca under three habitats with the purpose to identify a possible methodology with which we might take usage of abscised rather than in situ leaves. The result showed that after the samples were abscised, the leaf stomatal conductance (gs ) immediately increased before dropped gradually in later. The extent of this change was found to be temperature-dependent. The linear relationships either between gs and transpiration (E), or between gs and photosynthesis (Pn) were significant but the former had a higher correlation, indicating the opening of stomata influenced more intensively on E than on Pn. Temperature is a key factor influencing the variation of gas exchanges of the abscised leaves, with higher temperature in karst area resulted in a rapid E loss and leading to water stress occur earlier to the partly stomatal close, which in turn decreased the Pn. The reliable duration for measuring the gas exchanges from the abscised leaves is determined by leaf temperature. In karst area where the leaf temperature was frequently over 32℃ in summer, the reliable duration lasted only 3-6 min after abscission, while in Guilin Botanical Garden (non-karst) with leaf temperature was about 32℃, the reliable duration lasted a 10 min, whereas in the green house at temperature around 20℃, the reliable duration possibly will go for 20 min.

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黄玉清,莫凌,赵平,张中峰,何成新.高大乔木原位与离体叶片气体交换特征的比较——以三种环境下的青冈栎(Cyclobalanopsis glauca)为例.生态学报,2008,28(9):4508~4516

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