Soil fauna community was studied in ecosystems near highways in regions surrounding Zhuozi Mountain, Inner Mongolia. The composition, structure and the change in the diversity of soil fauna community on the slopes of artificially restored vegetation alongside roads were found. The findings provided the scientific basis for ecological restoration and construction alongside these highways. Soil fauna was obtained from different highway slopes. The sample area was 50cm×50cm for soil macrofauna, 10cm×10cm for soil meso-microfauna and 5cm×5cm for soil damp fauna. Soil macrofauna was handpicked. Soil meso-microfauna was separated by Tullgren funnel and soil damp fauna was separated by Baermann funnel. Soil pH was measured with PHS-3B acidity meter, Organic C was determined by K2Cr2O7 oxidation method and Total N by Kjeldahl method. Total P was analyzed using the colorimetric method with molybdenum in sulphuric acid. Total K was determined with flame photometer. A total of 37 groups，270 individuals of soil macrofauna belonging to 1 phylum，3 classes，12 orders and 31 families were obtained. Furthermore, a total of 38 groups，12 853 individuals of soil meso-microfauna belonging to 3 phyla，5 classes，13 orders，and 26 families were obtained. Groups and individual numbers of soil fauna increased rapidly after artificial vegetation restoration on highway slopes. Soil macrofauna were absent on bare slopes. The number of groups and individual soil faunas on bare slopes were approximately 2/5-1/3 and 1/80-1/127 of that on slopes with artificially restored vegetation, respectively. Individual numbers of macrofauna and meso-microfauna on the northeastern slopes were higher than those of southeastern slopes after artificial vegetation restoration. The difference in groups of soil macrofauna was significant on the slopes at different times of artificial vegetation restoration （F = 12.067，P <0.01，df =14），while one of individual numbers was not significant（F = 3.166，P > 0.05，df =14）. The difference in numbers of groups（F = 4.674，P <0.05，df =14）and individuals（F = 7.160，P <0.05，df =14）of soil meso-microfauna on the slopes at different times of artificial vegetation restoration was significant. Vegetation restoration, as well as time of its application had substantial influence on the number of groups and individuals of soil fauna. The individual numbers and groups of soil meso-microfauna were higher two years after vegetation restoration compared to the year of its application. There were greater correlation between Staphylinidae and Araneae. There were also greater correlation among Nematoda，Isotomidae，Actinedida，Gamasida and Oribatida. They appeared on the slopes of artificially restored vegetation at the same time, and their individual numbers were also more than others. Both groups and individuals of soil macrofauna and meso-microfauna gathered on the surface of soil in a vertically distributed fashion. Soil pH，organic content，as well as total P and total N influenced the diversity of soil fauna. Soil moisture had important influence on the diversity of soil meso-microfauna. Total K has less effect on their diversity. Soil fauna diversity was negatively correlated to the soil pH. They were also positively correlated to the soil organic contents，total N，total P and soil moisture. The results of principal component analysis indicated that soil moisture of 0-5cm and 5-10cm was the dominant factor affecting the soil environment.