菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes plilippinarum)大连群体两种壳型家系生长发育比较
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国家863资助项目(2006AA10A410);辽宁省重大科研资助项目(990387)


Comparison of growth and development of two shell-shape lines of Dalian-population Manila clam
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    摘要:

    通过对菲律宾蛤仔大连群体壳宽的选择,于2006年5月建立了壳宽型(WS)和壳扁型(PS)两个家系。对两种壳型亲本的鲜重、性比、产卵量及其子代的生长与存活进行了比较。结果表明:两种亲贝的鲜重差异显著(P<0.05),WS、PS亲贝的雌雄比例分别为0.88∶1、0.62∶1,产卵量分别为124.19万/粒和408.50万/粒;两家系子代的卵径、D形幼虫大小、变态规格无显著差异(P>0.05),但单水管、双水管稚贝的大小差异显著(P<0.05);幼虫浮游期间(0~16日龄),WS和PS幼虫平均生长速度分别为(9.46±1.56)μm d-1和 (9.60±0.38)μm d-1,差异不显著(P>0.05)。12日龄前,WS和PS幼虫存活率差异不显著(P>0.05),但16日龄时,WS幼虫存活率明显低于PS (P<0.05)。变态期间(16~24日龄),WS家系的生长速度((2.64±034)μm d-1)显著地小于PS家系((3.91±0.67)μm d-1) (P<0.05),WS家系的变态率(5.32%±1.53%)也显著地小于PS家系(1568%±3.06%) (P<0.01)。PS家系在稚贝的室内培育期间(24~60日龄)和生态池育成阶段(60~180日龄)的生长速度均显著地快于WS家系(P<0.05);PS家系的存活率也均显著地高于WS家系(P<0.05)。

    Abstract:

    This study compared the whole body weight, gender ratio, and fecundity of broodstcoks from two lines of Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) with different shell shapes (wide-shell, WS and plate-shell, PS) and the growth and survival of their offspring. The results showed that the PS broodstock was larger than the WS broodstock (15.6 vs. 11.6 g/clam) (P<0.05). The brookstock ♀:♂ratio was 0.62:1 for the PS line and 0.88:1 for WS line. Fecundity was 4.08×106 eggs/PS clam and 1.24×106 eggs/WS clam. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in sizes of eggs, D-larvae, and metamorphosed larvae between the two lines. The single-siphon juveniles of PS clams were larger (P<0.05) in shell size than those of WS clams, while the double-siphon juveniles of the former were smaller (P<0.05) than the latter. At the pelagic larval stage (0-16 days), there were no significant differences in the daily growth rate and survival of larvae between the two lines. During the metamorphosis (16-24 days), the daily growth rate of PS line ((3.91±067) μm d-1) was significantly greater (P<0.05) than that of WS line ((2.64±0.34) μm d-1). The metamorphosis rate of the former (15.68%±3.06%) was also higher than that of the latter (5.32%±1.53%) (P<0.01). During the indoor (24-60 days) and outdoor (60-180 days) rearing periods, the PS line also grew faster and had higher survival than the WS line (P<0.05). These results indicate that the PS line appears to be superior to the WS line in most production traits evaluated.

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张跃环,闫喜武*,,杨凤,张国范.菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes plilippinarum)大连群体两种壳型家系生长发育比较.生态学报,2008,28(9):4246~4252

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