The development of energy agriculture is based on the rural biomass resources. After the investigation of the rural biomass energy sources, the biomass resource in the rural places of Jiangsu Province in 2006 is analyzed and evaluated, using the existed statistics data. It is concluded that the total quantity of rural biomass energy resource in Jiangsu was 14238.06×104t (tons of coal equivalent) and 2311.54×104t, which could be potentially used for energy production. The rural biomass energy production potentials in Jiangsu Province is also estimated by analyzing the development trend of agriculture and animal husbandry and the species as well as land resource available for developing the energy-oriented forestry and fostering energy plants. The available biomass energy in the rural places of Jiangsu will equate 5390×104 t and 6109×104 t respectively by 2010 and 2015, if some measures are taken, such as forest fostering and logging, energy forest developing and energy plants growing on a large scale