五台山南台旅游活动对山地草甸优势种群格局的影响
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Q142,Q145,Q16,Q948.1,X176

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Impact of tourism activities on patterns of meadow population on south top of Wutai Mountain
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    摘要:

    利用双项轨迹方差法,对五台山南台不同距离带上紫羊茅、珠芽蓼和北方嵩草的格局进行了研究。结果表明:(1)3个种群在第一带上格局强度很弱,在第五带上格局差异最明显。不同种群在第二、第四带上因旅游活动和种间竞争而表现出不同的格局规律。(2)近距离处,旅游干扰大,尽管紫羊茅是优势种,但它和其他种群一样都表现出斑块化的现象。随着距离的增加,旅游干扰减小,种间竞争激烈,紫羊茅的优势减小,北方嵩草的优势上升,珠芽蓼徘徊不前,种群格局各具特色。远距离处,北方嵩草斑块稳定,规模大,紫羊茅的斑块数量少,规模较小。珠芽蓼没有表现出明显的规律性,这可能与其本身的生理生态有关。

    Abstract:

    Recently people have paid much attention to the impact of tourism activities on vegetation, such as ecological quality, biodiversity and landscapes assessment. However, the impact of tourism activities on population pattern has been not still studied. To provide some evidences about restoring and protecting vegetation in resorts, it is necessary to study the relationship between tourism activities and population pattern. Asso. Kobresia bellardii is selected on south top of Wutai Mountain, which is near to parking lots. From parking lots, one sampling belt is set up every five metre, and there are 5 belts in all. 128 contiguous quadrats (10cm×10cm ) are chosen on every belt, and there are 640 quadrats. These belts have the same physical condition. However, because of their different distances, they have the different tourism disturbance. The nearer it is, the more the disturbance is. Two-term local variance(TTLV)is a way for analyzing the relationship between species and environment on space. The pattern of Festuca rubra, Pocygonaceae viviparum and Kobresia bellardii is studied by TTLV because of dominant species and the mighty resistance. The results show that: (1) Three species show the same trend of regular distribution on the first belt, and have the evident difference on the fifth one. Different species have their own pattern on the second and fourth one because of tourism activities and interspecies competition, and are with obvious transition. (2) Tourism disturbance is the most at near distance. Although Festuca rubra is dominant species, it and other population all have many patches. When the distance increases, tourism disturbance begins to decrease, and interspecies compete drastically. Kobresia bellardii has dominant station at the far distance, and its scale is big. However, the scale of Festuca rubra patch are less, and the pattern of Pocygonaceae viviparum has no obvious rules, which may relates to its own physiological ecology. (3) TTLVA is a good way, and shows the ecological relationship among population. However, the pattern analysis is middle-size, and its result is different with the small pattern. In addition, to show the ecological mechanism of tourism disturbance, communities pattern still be need to study.

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程占红,牛莉芹.五台山南台旅游活动对山地草甸优势种群格局的影响.生态学报,2008,28(1):416~422

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