Trias, an orchid genus, is reported from China as a newly recorded genus for the first time. The genus and its new species, T. verrucosa Z. J. Liu, L. J. Chen et S. P. Lei, are described and discussed. Trias consists of 19 species ranging from Assam of India via Myanmar to Indonesia and Australia in the southeast and to Decan of India in the southwest. Its occurrence in West Yunnan of China is a further indication of phytogeographical relations between this region and tropical Asia. This new species grows on shady rocks in forests. By observations of its biological characteristics such as phenology and blooming biology, lots of cloned ramets of generation overlap were found, but there were no fruited plants, clonal reproduction could repeat with no relations to whether the ramet blooms or not. The flowering season of this species is from early April to early May. The opening of flowers on plant or inflorescence was irregular and the florescence of single flower was rather short, only lasting 4-5d, and no fruited flowers were found. Based on the detection of mating system, no flowers of artificial self-pollination and artificial cross-pollination have fruited. Since the flowering period is just before the rainy season of this region, the ecological conditions of dryness, strong wind, low temperature and weak light during that time are evidently unfavorable to plant blooming, pollinating and fruiting. Apparently the short duration and sterility of each flower would avoid the invalid energy waste in unfavorable circumstance and save the limited energy for more valid asexual reproduction, so that the opportunity of multiplication in uncertain environment would be increased to ensure the progenitive success. The P/O value of T. verrucosa is 187.4±22.4 which is obviously related with the high valid usage of its conglutinated and hard tuberous pollinarium during pollination, indicating that this species could hold the characteristic of sexual reproduction. This is an adaptation of this plant to the rather atrocious ecological circumstance there by its reproduction strategy of strengthening asexual reproduction and weakening sexual reproduction and probably for this it enabled the plants to survive in this region, long-distanced from the places where its relatives dwell.