Abstract:Over the past years, some studies have tried to combine ecological footprint (EF) accounting and input-output analysis (IOA) for the calculation of total land appropriation of production and consumption activities. The results derived from EF are able to visualize hidden ecological cost of an activity or population. Although this EF model has its own peculiarities and insights, it has roots in the work of Wackernagel and Rees. The EF model based on IOA has been firstly advanced by Bicknell et al, adjusted and modified by Ferng, and practiced by Hubacek et al, McDonald et al and Lai L et al. These researches express EF in Local Hectare. To compare EF results obtained from various analyses based on original EF model, this paper expresses EF in Global Hectare. Therefore, a modification has been made to the existing IOA based on EF model framework by introducing diversity conversion factors which is defined as the multiplier of a land use′s yield factor and its equivalent factor. This modification can make useful additive calculations along both the column and row in the input-output table. This calculation employs China monetary input-output table in 1997 as the base table. The results indicate the followings: (1) the Chinese EF embodied in domestic production sectors is 1.485 hectares per capital (hm2 cap-1), of which 1.435 hm2 cap-1 was appropriated by domestic final consumption and 0.050 hm2 cap-1 by net export thanks to the fact that China was situated in net EF trade deficit in international market in 1997; (2) two thirds of the 1435 hm2 cap-1 appropriated by Chinese final use is attributed to household consumption and one thirds to capital formation; (3) the EF of the primary, secondary and tertiary sector varies from 0.499, 0.721 and 0.183 hm2 per capital, respectively, and these sectors′ indirect land footprint is 124, 143.11 and 16.11 times of their direct ones respectively,indicating the primary sector(s ecological pressure is mainly from direct land use, and the other two sectors’ from hidden appropriation. Among the three production sectors, the per capital EF embodied in the production of the tertiary sector ranks the lowest with a value of 0.183 hm2 , but the per hectare footprint output is the highest with a figure of 8980 RMB. Therefore, further enhancing its position in and contribution to Chinese economic sectors will weaken ecological impacts imposed by social metabolism. The analysis shows that IOA based EF model has a good structure, can identify where the EF actually takes place and how EF component flows among production and consumption sectors, and avoid from double accounting. It should be noted that the new EF model is still facing incomplete accounting of pollutants emissions, and inevitably has methodological shortcomings observed in general input-output analysis.