The “3-Circles” eco-productive paradigm for combating desertification is an optimized and reconstructed new structure for arid ecosystems. The structure, process/dynamic and function of the system are comprehensively based on a brand-new viewpoint of systematology. This paper studies the control, creation and feedback of the “3-Circles” paradigm for combating desertification using Chaos theory. We discusses the causes of desertification and the process of chaos. The geographical sphere structure (geographical zonality) is the natural background of the “3-Circles” ecological paradigm; the driving force of the “3-Circles” paradigm is the process of chaos. In the modern material world, the ecosystem and environment are all dominated by Chaos theory. The chaos movement exists in the complex degradation and rehabilitation processes of arid ecosystems, i.e. the “order comes from the chaos”. The structure of the eco-productive paradigm is divided; the big “3-Circles” mainly controls expansion of desertification and extension of large scale sandstorms; the small “3-Circles” mainly controls regional desertification and the damage produced by sandstorms while the small “3-Circles” are formed in accordance with the concrete patterns of the natural geography and social economic conditions of different types of landscape, including the oases. Chaos theory provides us with the "organic, antibacklash and flowing world": a new holistic concept, combating desertification requires complicated multi-functional systems. In China′s northern arid areas and the areas affected by desertification, the big “3-Circles” and the small “3-Circles” are the organically combined network which forms a strict protection system with mutual protective functions from circle to circle and defense from belt to belt. So that large scale effects of wind-drift sand movement are effectively controlled, the local climate and microclimate are improved and the quality of people′s lives is promoted so as to build up Northwest China. Consequently, the concept and structure of the “3-Circles” system is based on natural geographical zonality and provides a rationally designed ecological solution for the interaction between the human and natural environments and the patterns of ecosystems. It represents science towards the "realm of freedom", in which the paradigm for restoration of the environment in arid regions and for sustainable development is defined humans.