寄主植物对B型烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci)和温室粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)个体发育和种群繁殖的影响
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Comparative on development and reproduction between Bemisia tabaci biotype B and Trialeurodes vaporariorum on four species of host-plants
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    摘要:

    烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius)和温室粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood)在我国北方常混合发生,为了解两种粉虱所造成的危害和自身种群的增长变化,制定科学的综合防治措施,在(27±1)℃条件下研究了两种粉虱在棉花Gossypium hirsutum L. (泗棉3号)、黄瓜Cucumis sativas L. (北京202)、茄子Solanum melongena L. (北京七叶茄)和番茄Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. (佳粉十号)上各虫态大小、存活率、发育历期、成虫寿命、平均产卵量等生物学参数。在同一种寄主植物上,温室粉虱的1,2龄若虫的体长和体宽均显著大于烟粉虱,3龄以后两种粉虱的体型则变异较大。两种粉虱从卵到成虫羽化,在棉花上的发育历期无显著差异,在黄瓜、茄子和番茄上,温室粉虱的发育历期(19.7、19.4、20.8d)显著长于烟粉虱(173、176、183d)。在黄瓜和番茄上,烟粉虱的平均寿命(31.2、32.1)显著长于温室粉虱的平均寿命(26、24.9d);在棉花、黄瓜和番茄上,烟粉虱的单雌产卵量(122.2、220.2、266.5粒)显著高于温室粉虱(97.1、186.6、197.1粒)。烟粉虱在棉花、黄瓜、茄子和番茄上的总存活率分别为67.9%、 77.8%、67.8% 和 59.0% ,温室粉虱依次为 62.2%、67.2%、64.4% 和661%。综合比较4种寄主植物,烟粉虱比温室粉虱具有个体发育时间短、种群繁殖速度快、生殖竞争能力强等特点。

    Abstract:

    Body size, development, longevity, fecundity and survivorship of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L., var.Simian 3′), cucumber (Cucumis sativas L., var. Beijing 202′), eggplant (Solanum melongena L., var. Beijing 7-leaf′), and tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill., var. Jiafen 10′) were studied at 27 ( 1℃, RH 75% and a photoperiod of 14∶10 (L∶D) h in the laboratory. We found that first and second instars of B. tabaci were significantly larger than the correspondent stages of T. vaporariorum on the same host plants. The sizes of third instars and pupae of the two species varied among host plants. The developmental times of T. vaporariorum from egg to adult were 197, 194, and 208 d on cucumber, eggplant, and tomato, respectively, which were significantly longer than those of B. tabaci, 17.3, 17.6, and 18.6 d, on the same host plants, respectively. The adult females of B. tabaci lived 31.2 d on cucumber and 32.1 d on tomato, which were longer than those of T. vaporariorum on the same host plants (26.0 d on cucumber and 24.9 d on tomato). The fecundities of B. tabaci on cotton, cucumber and tomato were 122.2eggs, 220.2eggs, and 266.5eggs per female, respectively, which were significantly greater than 97.1eggs, 186.6eggs, and 197.1eggs per T. vaporariorum female on the same host plants, respectively. Overall survival rates of B. tabaci from egg to adult on cotton, cucumber, eggplant, and tomato were 67.9%, 77.8%, 67.8%, and 59.0%, respectively, whereas those of T. vaporariorum were 62.2%, 67.2%, 64.4%, and 661% on the same host plants, respectively. We concluded that B. tabaci is generally superior to T. vaporariorum in many biological parameters, and it more likely outbreaks on the same host plants under the same environmental conditions as T. vaporariorum.

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罗晨,向玉勇,郭晓军,张帆,张芝利.寄主植物对B型烟粉虱(Bemisia tabaci)和温室粉虱(Trialeurodes vaporariorum)个体发育和种群繁殖的影响.生态学报,2007,27(3):1035~1040

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